Effect of two strains of Flavescence dorée phytoplasma on the survival and fecundity of the experimental leafhopper vector Euscelidius variegatus Kirschbaum

Bressan, Alberto; Clair, Denis; Sémétey, Olivier; Boudon‐Padieu, E.

doi:10.1016/j.jip.2005.03.001

Cited by 41 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 13 publications

(14 reference statements)

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“…However, differences in biological properties between FD strains resulting in better dynamics of grapevine colonization and/or insect transmission of the FD2 strain cluster cannot be excluded. It was recently demonstrated that strains of both FD1 and FD2 strain clusters, i.e., strains FD2000 and FD92, respectively, decreased in the same way the longevity of the experimental vector E. variegatus (12). The same reduced longevity, which could influence FD diffusion, was also reported in the natural vector S. titanus infected with FD92 (13), but other FD strains have not yet been checked in that respect on the natural vector.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

“…Variability of map and uvrB-degV was determined for 15 phytoplasma isolates associated either with stunting of Rubus or yellowing of elm and dog rose. These isolates had previously been characterized by 16S RFLP typing as members of the 16SrV phylogenetic group (9,12,30,42). The elm yellows phytoplasma isolate EY1 and the hemp dogbane phytoplasma isolate HD1 from the United States were also tested.…”

Section: Vol 73 2007 Multilocus Sequence Typing Of Group 16srv Phytmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multilocus Sequence Typing Confirms the Close Genetic Interrelatedness of Three Distinct Flavescence Dorée Phytoplasma Strain Clusters and Group 16SrV Phytoplasmas Infecting Grapevine and Alder in Europe

Arnaud

Malembic-Maher

Salar

et al. 2007

Appl Environ Microbiol

129

191

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Vineyards of southern France and northernPhytoplasmas are phloem-restricted wall-less bacteria pathogenic to many plant species worldwide (37, 52). Phytoplasmas can be spread both by hemipteran insect vectors (63) and by vegetative multiplication of infected-plant material. Controlling phytoplasma-induced diseases in perennial crops depends on field surveys and implementation of prophylactic sanitary measures requiring sensitive and specific detection of phytoplasmas in plants. Genetically different phytoplasmas can infect the same plant species; therefore, precise identification and typing of phytoplasma strains are necessary to ascertain the causes and origin of new outbreaks and predict the route of disease spread.Vineyards in southern France, northern Italy, and Spain are affected by the flavescence dorée (FD) phytoplasma, a quarantine pathogen of grapevine (7,8,16,24). The classification of phytoplasmas, which are uncultivable and currently described under the provisional genus "Candidatus Phytoplasma," is mainly based on 16S rRNA gene phylogeny, genomic diversity, and plant and insect host ranges (32,36,59). The FD phytoplasma belongs to the 16SrV taxonomic group (36). Members of this group share high 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity (34, 38), but the group consists of phytoplasmas with an important variety of specific biological niches restricted to woody perennial hosts. "Ca. Phytoplasma ulmi" is responsible for yellows of elm species in North America and Europe (38) and "Ca. Phytoplasma ziziphi" is the agent of jujube witches'-broom and cherry lethal yellows in Asia (34,38). In Europe, other phytoplasmas of group 16SrV are mainly infecting grapevine (23,43), alder (46,51), blackberry (26,50), Spartium, and eucalyptus (44,45). Most of the insect vectors naturally disseminating group 16SrV phytoplasmas have been identified. The elm yellows phytoplasmas are transmitted in North America by Scaphoideus luteolus (Van Duzee) (5) and in Europe by Macropsis mendax (Fieber) (15), whereas FD phytoplasmas are specifically transmitted by Scaphoideus titanus (Ball) (53, 58) and rubus stunt phytoplasma by Macropsis fuscula (Zetterstedt) (26). Phytoplasmas associated with Palatinate grapevine yellows (PGY) and alder yellows (AldY) are both transmitted by the alder leafhopper Oncopsis alni (Schrank) (41, 42) and were classified as members of the group 16SrV on the basis of their high 16S rRNA gene and secY sequence similarity to the corresponding genes of FD phytoplasmas (2, 3).The genomic diversity in this phytoplasma group was recently examined. Sequence and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis of the 16S rRNA genes and the 16S-23S intergenic spacer allowed differentiation of two differ-* Corresponding author. Mailing

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

Section: Vol 73 2007 Multilocus Sequence Typing Of Group 16srv Phytmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multilocus Sequence Typing Confirms the Close Genetic Interrelatedness of Three Distinct Flavescence Dorée Phytoplasma Strain Clusters and Group 16SrV Phytoplasmas Infecting Grapevine and Alder in Europe

Arnaud

Malembic-Maher

Salar

et al. 2007

Appl Environ Microbiol

129

191

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“…10 days or longer depending on the phytoplasma and insect species and temperature. Some insects benefit from the phytoplasma invasion by living longer, producing more progeny and flying greater distances, while other insects are neutral to infection or die prematurely [18][19][20][21]. There is evidence that phytoplasmas become beneficial to their insect hosts over time [18].…”

Section: Phytoplasmas Are Effective Colonizers Of Plants and Insectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The genome biology of phytoplasma: modulators of plants and insects

Sugio

Hogenhout

2012

Current Opinion in Microbiology

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“…Phytoplasmas replicate intracellularly in both plant and insect tissues and have different impacts on the fitness of their hosts. In most instances, plants are negatively affected but infection of insect vectors may have positive or no adverse effects on their fitness (Beanland et al, 2000;Bressan et al, 2005;Mayer et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Apple Proliferation Phytoplasma Influences the Pattern of Plant Volatiles Emitted Depending on Pathogen Virulence

et al. 2016

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Apple proliferation (AP) and pear decline (PD) are the most severe diseases in pome fruit growing areas. AP-infected trees show typical symptoms such as witches' broom, enlarged stipules, tasteless, and dwarf fruits. PD-infected pears show a progressive weakening, reduced terminal growth, smaller fruits, and die within weeks (quick decline) or years (slow decline). The diseases are caused by the cell-wall lacking bacteria Candidatus Phytoplasma mali (AP phytoplasma) and Ca. P. pyri (PD phytoplasma), respectively. In previous studies it has been shown that AP-infected apple trees emitted higher amounts of the sesquiterpene β-caryophyllene, an attractant of the insect vector Cacopsylla picta (Hemiptera: Psyllidae), thereby facilitating the dispersal of AP phytoplasma. In the present study, volatile organic compounds (VOCs) occurring in the headspace of plants infected with Ca. P. mali strains causing different severity of symptoms in apple plants were collected, analyzed, and identified. Headspace samples from healthy and AP-infected model plant tobacco (Nicotiana occidentalis) and apple (Malus domestica) as well as from healthy and PD-infected pear (Pyrus communis) were investigated via thermodesorption and GC-MS analysis. Significantly higher concentrations of ethyl benzoate were produced in all phytoplasma-infected plants compared to healthy ones and an as yet unidentified sesquiterpene differed between the odor bouquets of healthy and by Ca. P. mali infected tobacco plants. Additionally, statistically significant higher amounts of both compounds were measured in the headspace of plants infected by the virulent AP strain. In apple, significantly higher concentrations of ethyl benzoate and methyl salicylate were observed for trees infected with strains of Ca. P. mali. Ethyl benzoate was also detected in the headspace of pear trees infected with Ca. P. pyri.

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Effect of two strains of Flavescence dorée phytoplasma on the survival and fecundity of the experimental leafhopper vector Euscelidius variegatus Kirschbaum

Cited by 41 publications

References 13 publications

Multilocus Sequence Typing Confirms the Close Genetic Interrelatedness of Three Distinct Flavescence Dorée Phytoplasma Strain Clusters and Group 16SrV Phytoplasmas Infecting Grapevine and Alder in Europe

Multilocus Sequence Typing Confirms the Close Genetic Interrelatedness of Three Distinct Flavescence Dorée Phytoplasma Strain Clusters and Group 16SrV Phytoplasmas Infecting Grapevine and Alder in Europe

The genome biology of phytoplasma: modulators of plants and insects

Apple Proliferation Phytoplasma Influences the Pattern of Plant Volatiles Emitted Depending on Pathogen Virulence

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