Effect of turbulence model and inlet boundary condition on the Diesel spray behavior simulated by an Eulerian Spray Atomization (ESA) model

Salvador, Francisco; Gimeno, J.; Pastor, J.M.; Martí-Aldaraví, Pedro

doi:10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2014.06.003

Cited by 45 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…According to this result, the impact of fluctuations intensity was assessed in LES calculations. In this case a 3-percent turbulence intensity, which corresponds to the outlet condition of a k-ω SST RANS nozzle flow simulation [19], has been used. Figure 4 shows a noticeable effect on PMD results when modifying initial fluctuations level, which have not been observed in previous RANS calculations [29].…”

Section: Liquid Spray Dispersion: Projected Mass Density Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Those experiments provide unique data using x-ray radiography [1] and the recently developed ultra-small-angle x-ray scattering (USAXS) [17]. Previous works [4][18] [19] have shown liquid spray dispersion predictions compared to x-ray radiography data, and the noticeable effect of the turbulence model in those RANS based simulations. In this paper, a LES approach is also applied and its impact on spray dispersion is evaluated.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Modelling and validation of near-field Diesel spray CFD simulations based on the Σ -Y model

Desantes¹,

García-Oliver²,

Pastor³

et al. 2017

Proceedings ILASS–Europe 2017. 28th Conference on Liquid Atomization and Spray Systems

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Diesel spray modelling still remains a challenge, especially in the dense near-nozzle region. This region is difficult to experimentally access and also to model due to the complex and rapid liquid and gas interaction. Modelling approaches based on Lagrangian particle tracking have struggled in this area, while Eulerian modelling has proven particularly useful. An interesting approach is the single-fluid diffuse interface model known as Σ-Y, based on scale separation assumptions at high Reynolds and Weber numbers. Liquid dispersion is modelled as turbulent mixing of a variable density flow. The concept of surface area density is used for representing liquid structures, regardless of the complexity of the interface. In this work, an implementation of the Σ-Y model in the OpenFOAM CFD library is applied to simulate the ECN Spray A in the near nozzle region, using both RANS and LES turbulence modelling. Assessment is performed with measurements conducted at the Advanced Photon Source at Argonne National Laboratory (ANL). The ultra-smallangle x-ray scattering (USAXS) technique has been used to measure the interfacial surface area, and x-ray radiography to measure the fuel dispersion, allowing a direct evaluation of the Σ-Y model predictions. KeywordsSprays, Diesel, atomization, CFD, OpenFOAM, X-ray Introduction Fuel injection and subsequent spray development are critical factors for charge preparation, combustion development and pollutants formation in engines. The liquid atomization process occurs at extremely small length scales and high speeds in current injection systems, which complicates both the investigation and modelling of spray flow, especially in the near-nozzle region. The lack of optical accessibility, except by means of special diagnostic techniques [1][2], hinders the flow characterization and the development of predictive primary atomization models. The common spray modelling approaches, based on the representation of the liquid phase using a Lagrangian framework [3], are not well suited to represent this dense region, while fully Eulerian approaches have recently shown their potential to simulate near-nozzle physics [4] [5]. Complex modelling techniques devoted to capturing the liquid-gas interface [6][7] [8] have been successfully applied to simulate initial spray development, but the computational requirements can make those calculations impractical for spray applications in combustion systems due to high Reynold and Weber numbers. Under these conditions, one may assume a separation of the large scale flow features, such as mass transport, from the atomization process occurring at smaller scales, as proposed in [9][10]. Then large scale liquid dispersion can be modelled as the turbulent mixing of a variable density fluid. For atomization, the surface density concept is introduced in order to evaluate the mean size of liquid fragments, assuming that interfacial details are smaller than the mesh size. The end result is a diffuse-interface treatment in an Eulerian framework. This framework i...

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Section: Liquid Spray Dispersion: Projected Mass Density Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling and validation of near-field Diesel spray CFD simulations based on the Σ -Y model

Desantes¹,

García-Oliver²,

Pastor³

et al. 2017

Proceedings ILASS–Europe 2017. 28th Conference on Liquid Atomization and Spray Systems

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show abstract

“…The Eulerian Spray Atomization (ESA) is a homogeneous model built to simulate non-evaporative conditions so far [14]. When compared with other approaches to simulate nozzle flow with moving needle and also the spray behavior (for example the work of Anvari et al [15]), the main advantage of this model is that allows to simulate both domains seamlessly.…”

Section: Code Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Under this framework, the objective of this work is to employ an already existing Eulerian model, able to simulate nozzle flow and spray at the same time [14], to computationally address the effects of needle movement on the spray behavior. To do so, Spray A conditions of Engine Combustion Network (ECN) [16] are considered.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical simulation of needle movement nozzle flow coupled with spray for a diesel injector using an Eulerian spray atomization model

Payri

Martí-Aldaraví

Alarcón

2017

J Braz. Soc. Mech. Sci. Eng.

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Gimeno, J.; Marti-Aldaravi, P.; Alarcón-Herrera, MY. (2017). Numerical simulation of needle movement nozzle flow coupled with spray for a diesel injector using an Eulerian spray atomization model. Abstract The injector dynamics have a strong impact on spray behavior, therefore on combustion efficiency and pollutant emissions. Nozzle flow and spray coupled simulations are useful tools to analyze the effect of nozzle geometry, and they could be used also to study the effect of needle movement. In this work, three different approximations to the same needle lift law are employed in an Eulerian Spray Atomization (ESA) model. The main advantage of this model is that is able to simulate nozzle flow and spray seamlessly. Engine Combustion Network (ECN) Spray A conditions are simulated. Results show that the experimental needle lift law can be used without any fitting to a smoothed expression, but all details of the needle dynamics must be considered in order to properly predict mass flow rate and spray penetration. Additionally, it has been shown that needle dynamics has a strong impact on heating effects inside the nozzle.Keywords Multi-phase · CFD · needle dynamics · atomization · fuel injection · moving mesh Final author version, cite as: Payri, R., Gimeno, J., Mart-Aldarav, P. et al. "Numerical simulation of needle movement nozzle flow coupled with spray for a diesel injector using an Eulerian spray atomization model", J Braz.

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“…On one hand, this will help experimental researchers understand some consequences that the growing injection pressures will have on the engine performance. On the other hand, this database is especially valuable for modelers, since the inclusion of the variation of the fuel properties with temperature and pressure is becoming a standard in 1D and computational fluid dynamics calculations [16,17,18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Characterization of the Thermodynamic Properties of Diesel Fuels Over a Wide Range of Pressures and Temperatures

Desantes¹,

Salvador²,

Carreres³

et al. 2015

SAE Int. J. Fuels Lubr.

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The influence of pressure and temperature on some of the important thermodynamic properties of diesel fuels has been assessed for a set of fuels. The study focuses on the experimental determination of the speed of sound, density and compressibility (via the bulk modulus) of these fuels by means of a method that is thoroughly described in this paper. The setup makes use of a common-rail injection system in order to transmit a pressure wave through a high-pressure line and measure the time it takes for the wave to travel a given distance. Measurements have been performed in a wide range of pressures (from atmospheric pressure up to 200 MPa) and temperatures (from 303 to 353 K), in order to generate a fuel properties database for modelers on the field of injection systems for diesel engines to incorporate to their simulations.

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Effect of turbulence model and inlet boundary condition on the Diesel spray behavior simulated by an Eulerian Spray Atomization (ESA) model

Cited by 45 publications

References 30 publications

Modelling and validation of near-field Diesel spray CFD simulations based on the Σ -Y model

Modelling and validation of near-field Diesel spray CFD simulations based on the Σ -Y model

Numerical simulation of needle movement nozzle flow coupled with spray for a diesel injector using an Eulerian spray atomization model

Experimental Characterization of the Thermodynamic Properties of Diesel Fuels Over a Wide Range of Pressures and Temperatures

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