Effect of Tropical Algae as Additives on Rumen &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;in Vitro&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; Gas Production and Fermentation Characteristics

Dubois, B.; Tomkins, Nigel; Kinley, Robert D.; Bai, Mei; Seymour, Scott; Paul, Nicholas A.; Nys, Rocky de

doi:10.4236/ajps.2013.412a2005

Cited by 55 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…The lower in vitro rumen degradation expressed in a lower rate and maximum cumulative gas production of the Ulva products compared to the reference feed materials are in agreement with results of Dubois et al (2013) and can be explained by the low NDF content and the relatively high content of ADL and protein. The fermentation of protein as substrate causes a lower gas production by the microbial fermentation compared to that of carbohydrates (Cone and van Gelder 1999).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Biorefinery of the green seaweed Ulva lactuca to produce animal feed, chemicals and biofuels

et al. 2016

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The growing world population demands an increase in animal protein production. Seaweed may be a valuable source of protein for animal feed. However, a biorefinery approach aimed at cascading valorisation of both protein and non-protein seaweed constituents is required to realise an economically feasible value chain. In this study, such a biorefinery approach is presented for the green seaweed Ulva lactuca containing 225 g protein (N × 4.6) kg−1 dry matter (DM). The sugars in the biomass were solubilised by hot water treatment followed by enzymatic hydrolysis and centrifugation resulting in a sugar-rich hydrolysate (38.8 g L−1 sugars) containing glucose, rhamnose and xylose, and a protein-enriched (343 g kg−1 in DM) extracted fraction. This extracted fraction was characterised for use in animal feed, as compared to U. lactuca biomass. Based on the content of essential amino acids and the in vitro N (85 %) and organic matter (90 %) digestibility, the extracted fraction seems a promising protein source in diets for monogastric animals with improved characteristics as compared to the intact U. lactuca. The gas production test indicated a moderate rumen fermentation of U. lactuca and the extracted fraction, about similar to that of alfalfa. Reduction of the high content of minerals and trace elements may be required to allow a high inclusion level of U. lactuca products in animal diets. The hydrolysate was used successfully for the production of acetone, butanol, ethanol and 1,2-propanediol by clostridial fermentation, and the rhamnose fermentation pattern was studied.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s10811-016-0842-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Biorefinery of the green seaweed Ulva lactuca to produce animal feed, chemicals and biofuels

et al. 2016

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“…Indeed, some studies suggest that regardless of the compound used to decrease methane emissions, the basal diet fed to the animal plays an important role in the effectiveness of the compound. For instance, the supplementation of Oedogonium (0.2 g OM basis) to different basal substrates (1 g OM basis) has been found to decrease methane at different rates, by nearly 40%11, 30%12 or 15%13, when Rhodes grass (107 g kg −1 CP, 672 g kg −1 NDF, DM basis), Finders grass (27.5 g kg −1 CP, 746 g kg −1 non-structural carbohydrates, DM basis) or Rhodes grass hay (66.9 g kg −1 CP, 766 g kg −1 carbohydrates, DM basis), respectively, was used as basal substrate. Machado et al 13.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Potential Role of Seaweeds in the Natural Manipulation of Rumen Fermentation and Methane Production

Maia

Fonseca

Oliveira

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

108

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This study is the first to evaluate the effects of five seaweeds (Ulva sp., Laminaria ochroleuca, Saccharina latissima, Gigartina sp., and Gracilaria vermiculophylla) on gas and methane production and ruminal fermentation parameters when incubated in vitro with two substrates (meadow hay and corn silage) for 24 h. Seaweeds led to lower gas production, with Gigartina sp. presenting the lowest value. When incubated with meadow hay, Ulva sp., Gigartina sp. and G. vermiculophylla decreased methane production, but with corn silage, methane production was only decreased by G. vermiculophylla. With meadow hay, L. ochroleuca and S. latissima promoted similar methane production as the control, but with corn silage, L. ochroleuca increased it. With the exception of S. latissima, all seaweeds promoted similar levels of total volatile fatty acid production. The highest proportion of acetic acid was produced with Ulva sp., G. vermiculophylla, and S. latissima; the highest proportion of butyric acid with the control and L. ochroleuca; and the highest proportion of iso-valeric acid with Gigartina sp. These results reveal the potential of seaweeds to mitigate ruminal methane production and the importance of the basal diet. To efficiently use seaweeds as feed ingredients with nutritional and environmental benefits, more research is required to determine the mechanisms underlying seaweed and substrate interactions.

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“…Besides, in a recent in vitro study, Dubois et al. () observed that algae with a very high level of protein content increased gas production in the rumen. Thus, it is clear that in vivo studies are required especially using microalgae with high protein content, such as Chlorella vulgaris, to determine their impact on methanogens population in the rumen.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

The effect of dietary Chlorella vulgaris supplementation on micro‐organism community, enzyme activities and fatty acid profile in the rumen liquid of goats

Tsiplakou

Abdullah

Skliros

et al. 2016

Animal Physiology Nutrition

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Microalgae might be considered as an alternative source of fat and/or protein for ruminant's diets. However, changes in populations of ruminal micro-organisms associated with biohydrogenation process, methane and ammonia production in response to microalgae dietary supplementation have not been well characterized. Thus, 16 cross-bred goats were divided into two groups. Each goat of both groups was fed individually with alfalfa hay and concentrates separately. The concentrates of the control group had no microalgae while those of the treated group were supplemented with 10 g lyophilized Chlorella vulgaris/kg concentrate (chlor). On the 30th experimental day, samples of rumen fluid were collected for microbial DNA extraction, fatty acid profile and enzyme activity analyses. The results showed that the chlor diet compared with the control increased significantly the populations of Methanosphaera stadtmanae, Methanobrevibacter ruminantium and Methanogens bacteria and protozoa in the rumen of goats. A significant reduction in the cellulase activity and in the abundance of Ruminococcus albus, and a significant increase in the protease activity and in the abundance of Clostridium sticklandii in the rumen liquid of goats fed with the chlor diet, compared with the control, were found. Chlorella vulgaris supplementation promoted the formation of trans C , trans-11 C and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), while the proportions of C and long-chain fatty acids (LCFA) reduced significantly in the rumen liquid of goats. This shift in ruminal biohydrogenation pathway was accompanied by a significant increase in Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens trans C -producing bacteria. In conclusion, the supplementation of diets with microalgae needs further investigation because it enhances the populations of methane-producing bacteria and protozoa.

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Effect of Tropical Algae as Additives on Rumen <i>in Vitro</i> Gas Production and Fermentation Characteristics

Cited by 55 publications

References 34 publications

Biorefinery of the green seaweed Ulva lactuca to produce animal feed, chemicals and biofuels

Biorefinery of the green seaweed Ulva lactuca to produce animal feed, chemicals and biofuels

The Potential Role of Seaweeds in the Natural Manipulation of Rumen Fermentation and Methane Production

The effect of dietary Chlorella vulgaris supplementation on micro‐organism community, enzyme activities and fatty acid profile in the rumen liquid of goats

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