Effect of Trifluralin on Mitosis

Lignowski, E. M.; Scott, Eion G.

doi:10.1017/s0043174500035578

Cited by 60 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…95. 1995 The generation of fertile non-chimeric plants is most probably a consequence of application of microtubule depolymerizing agents to selected Class ID microspore isolations which confained large numbers of late unitiucleate microspores (Telmer et al, 1992), Microspores enter mitosis within the first few hours of culture, atid by 12 h, the majority has undergone division (Telmer et al, 1995), In the presence of microtubule depolymerizing agents, mitosis proceeds through this stage without a spindle, which blocks chromosome segregation, but rtuclear restitutioti and the cell cycle proceed normally, except that the chromosome number is doubled (Lignowski andScott 1972, Zhao andDavidson 1984), The microspores which pass through mitosis early in the culture period would most probably undergo chromosome doubling in the presence of trifluralin, which depolymerizes microtubules rapidly. Colchicine, on the other hand, requires 3-8 h to depolymerize microtubules and would not affect the early microspore divisions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of trifluralin to embryogenic microspore cultures to generate doubled haploid plants in Brassica napus

Zhao¹,

Simmonds²

1995

Physiologia Plantarum

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Microspore or anther culture has been used to produce desirable meiotic recombinants in numerous species. However, the utilization of these recombinants relies on inefficient genome doubling procedures to obtain fertile doubled haploid plants. This study presents a simple and rapid procedure to generate fertile doubled haploids in Brassica napus cv. Topas using trifluralin (α,α,α‐trifluoro‐2,6‐dinitro‐N,N‐dipropyl‐p‐toluidine), a plant specific microtubule inhibitor. The effects of trifluralin on microtubule depolymerization and chromosome doubling in embryogenic microspore cultures of B. napus were examined and compared with those of colchicine. Indirect immunofluorescence labeling of isolated microspores indicated that microtubules were depolymerized within 30 min of trifluralin treatment and after 3–8 h of colchicine treatment. The direct application of these microtubule inhibitors to microspore cultures resulted in the recovery of fertile doubled haploid plants. Continuous culture in the presence of colchicine, was more effective than 18‐h treatments for fertile plant production but resulted in abnormal embryo formation and recalcitrant plant regeneration. The application of 1 or 10 μM trifluralin during the first 18 h of microspore culture was found to be the superior method for doubled haploid production. The embryos generated after trifluralin treatment developed normally, germinated readily and of the plants produced, close to 60% were fertile. The use of trifluralin to double chromosomes very early in microspore cultures is a simple process requiring minimal manipulation and should be very useful for genetic studies and breeding programs of B. napus and possibly other species.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of trifluralin to embryogenic microspore cultures to generate doubled haploid plants in Brassica napus

Zhao¹,

Simmonds²

1995

Physiologia Plantarum

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“…Dinitroaniline herbicides have previously been observed to produce mitotic abnormalities. Trifluralin induced 'C mitotic figures in wheat and onion (Allium cepa 'Yellow Globe') root meristems (Lignowski & Scott, 1972). Malefyt & Duke (1982) reported that pendimethalin treatment appeared to 'freeze' prophase chromosomes of velvetleaf and pigweed root tip cells into tightly condensed balls.…”

Section: Cell Division Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitotic and structural effects of nitralin and butralin on ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) root meristems

Elmore

Bayer

1992

Weed Research

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Summary: Résumé: Zusammenfassung Saturated solutions of nitralin or butralin were used to treat the germinating florets of Lolium perenne L, var, Manhattan in a growth chamber to evaluate the induced mitotic and structural effects. Examination of structural changes showed suppressed root elongation and increased radial root enlargement. The response to nitralin was observed at 1 h, whereas a weaker response was first observed with butralin at 12 h. Cortical and epidermal cells close to the apex, treated with either herbicide, were enlarged and more vacuolate. Normal mitotic figures were reduced by 76% and 36% after 1 h following treatment with nitralin and butralin, respectively. Division figures differed markedly between the two herbicides. Nitralin‐treated cells formed polymorphic nuclei with an enlargement of nuclear volume and an increase in ploidy level, Butrahn decreased the number of prophase division figures, but increased the number of nuclei per cell, yielding a multi‐nucleate cell, Nitralin effects on cell divisions resemble those caused by the other dinitroani‐line herbicides trifluralin, oryzalin and pendimethalin. Butralin effects on cell division more closely resemble those reported from the carbamates, propham and chlorpropham. Effets mitotiques et structured de la nitraline et de la butraline sur les meristimes racinaires du ray‐grass (Lolium perenne L.) Des solutions saturees de nitraline et de butraline ont étéutilises pour traiter des épillets en germination de Lolium perenne L. var. Manhattan en chambre climatique afin d'évaluer les effets mitotiques et structurels in‐duits, L'examen des changements structurels a montre la suppression de l'élongation racinaire et l'augmentation du diametre racinaire. La reponse a la nitraline a étéobservee aprés une heure tandis qu'une réponse plus faible a été obsérvée avec la butraline apres 12 heures, Les cellules corticales et épidermiques proches de l'apex, traitées avec l'un ou l'autre herbicide, étaient plus grandes et plus vacuolées. Les schemas mitotiques normaux ont étéréduits de 76% et 36% une heure apres un traitement à la nitraline et à la butraline, respectivement. Les schémas de division différaient de faéon marquée entre les 2 herbicides, Les cellules traitées à la nitraline ont formé des cellules avec des nuclei polymorphes avec augmentation du volume nucléaire et du niveau de ploïdie. La butraline a limité le nombre de stades prophasi‐ques mais a augmenté le nombre de nucléi par cellule, aboutissant a une cellule multinucleee, Les effets de la nitraline sur la division cellulaire ressemblent à ceux causés par les autres herbicides dinitroanihnes: trifluraline, oryzalinne, et pendiméthaline, et les effets de la butraline sur la division cellulaire sont plus voisins de ceux rapportés pour les carbamates, prophame et chloroprophame. Wirkungen von Nitralin und Butralin auf Mitose und Struktur des Wurzelmeristems von Deutschem Weidelgras (Lolium perenne L.) Nach der Behandlung keimender Samen von Lolium perenne L. ‘Manhattan’ mit gesattigten ...

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“…4c), the cell plate is not observable by light microscopy and appears very thin at the ultrastructural level. Lignowski and Scott (1972) state that prophase does not appear to be affected by trifluralin. They found, based on observations of onion root tip squash preparations, that prophases appeared to be normal after 12 h of treatment.…”

Section: Elect~otz Microscope Observationsmentioning

confidence: 89%

Regulation of mitosis. IV. An in vitro and ultrastructural study of effects of trifluralin

Jackson¹,

Stetler²

1973

Can. J. Bot.

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Cell-wall-free endosperm cells of the African blood lily (Haemanthus katherinae Baker) were observed while undergoing mitosis on control medium or on medium containing the herbicide trifluralin (α,α,α-trifluoro-2,6-dinitro-N,N-dipropyl-p-toluidine). The percentage of cells proceeding from an initially observed stage to the next stage, in controls versus treatments, was as follows: prophase to prometaphase, 85 versus 16; prometaphase to metaphase, 80 versus 33; metaphase to anaphase, 95 versus 50; and anaphase to cell plate appearance, 98 to 49%.An analysis of time-lapse films of trifluralin-treated mitotic cells reveals that many of the previously reported abnormalities do not represent end points of herbicide action, but rather stages leading to fusion of daughter nuclei. Ultrastructural studies show a decreased number of microtubules and an accumulation of large vesicles in the cell plate region. These vesicles exclude microtubules and cell plate material. It is postulated that the decrease in number of microtubules and in the amount of cell plate material permits movement of daughter nuclei to a central position where fusion occurs.

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Effect of Trifluralin on Mitosis

Cited by 60 publications

References 13 publications

Application of trifluralin to embryogenic microspore cultures to generate doubled haploid plants in Brassica napus

Application of trifluralin to embryogenic microspore cultures to generate doubled haploid plants in Brassica napus

Mitotic and structural effects of nitralin and butralin on ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) root meristems

Regulation of mitosis. IV. An in vitro and ultrastructural study of effects of trifluralin

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