Effect of Trichoderma viride and Carbofuran (Curator^®) on Management of Root Knot Nematodes and Growth Parameters of Gotukola (Centella asiatica L.)

Abstract

Gotukola (Centella asiatica L) is a widely grown popular leafy vegetable in Sri Lanka. Root Knot Nematodes (RKN) (Meloidogyne spp.) infestation is one of the key problems which causes heavy losses in commercial Gotukola cultivations in warm climates. A field experiment was carried out in Chilaw (AEZ IL1a) during the wet season (Maha) 2010/2011 to evaluate the effectiveness of the bio-control agent, Trichoderma viride and chemical; Carbofuran (Curator®) on RKN and growth of Gotukola. The treatments imposed were T. viride (CFU 10 11 /ml) incorporated manures (compost and poultry manure at the rate of 2 kg/m 2 ) and recommended dose of inorganic fertilizers, Curator® (1.5g/m 2 ) incorporated manures and recommended dose of inorganic fertilizer. Trichoderma, Curator® (1.5 g/m 2 ) untreated manures, inorganic fertilizers and no amendment (control). The results revealed that Curator® incorporated manures had no significant (p>0.05) difference on the promotion of growth parameters. The combined application of T. viride + compost had significant (p<0.05) impact on plant growth which attributed to increased number of roots, leaf length, stalk length and root length. Highest fresh weight of leaves of first harvest was recorded in the treatment of Trichoderma + compost treated plots. Treatments of Trichoderma + compost had significant (p<0.05) reduction in RKN gall formation in Gotukola. The results indicate that, the T. viride incorporated compost can be recommended as an alternative to Curator® to control RKN and to promote growth of Gotukola.

Management of Root-Knot Nematode (Meloidogyne spp.) on Kiwifruit Seedlings using Different Plant Extracts, Biocontrol Agents, and Chemical Nematicides

“…Among the applied control measures, Trichoderma viride proved to be an effective treatment, consistent with the findings of Shamalie et al (2012), which revealed that the application of Trichoderma viride in the soil led to an increase in stalk length to 14.07 cm, root length to 2.97 cm, and top fresh weight to 0.9 gm compared to the untreated control. Similarly, Subedi (2022) discovered that the application of Trichoderma viride in the soil resulted in a dry root weight of 40.75 gm, surpassing the results of the untreated control.…”

“…In addition, Shamalie et al (2012) noted that the application of T. viride in soil led to only 13.32% of root gall formation in Centella asiatica. The formation of galls on the roots and the invasion of root tissue by these nematodes deprive plants of vital nutrients (Terefe, 2015), resulting in stunted growth and heightened vulnerability to mild stressors.…”

Process optimization and production kinetics for cellulase production by Trichoderma viride VKF3

“…It was found from earlier studies that T. viride was used as a bio-control agent which also promoted the growth of certain plants. Shamalie et al ( 2011 ) reported that T. viride possess growth promoting efficacy when tested on Centella asiatica under field trials and moreover, it had bio-control potency against nematode parasites forming root galls. Similar antagonistic potential of Trichoderma viride against various pathogenic fungi of Vigna radiata was also reported (Mishra et al 2011 ).…”

A Review on Nematophagus Fungi: A Potential Nematicide for the Biocontrol of Nematodes

“…Given that it is environmentally safe, commercially viable, and provides a sustainable and cost-effective alternative to chemical nematicides, biological management is regarded as the most pertinent and least harmful technique [12]. It can either be natural or induced.…”

“…Uniquely, nematophagous fungi stop the nematode by using specific structures designed to combat nematodes. These carnivorous mushrooms play a significant role in regulating nematode concentrations in soil due to their predatory and parasitic behaviors [12].…”