Effect of tree spacing on growth and wood density of 38-year-oldCariniana legalistrees in Brazil

Oliveira, Ivanka Rosada de; Chagas, Matheus Peres; Bouillet, Jean‐Pierre; Longui, Eduardo Luiz; Lima, Israel Luiz de; Bordron, Bruno; Ferreira, Angel Boschiero; Filho, Mario Tommasiello

doi:10.2989/20702620.2017.1393741

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Tyurin and Danilov [57] demonstrated that the wood basic density for 40-year-old spruce plantations established with an initial stand density of 1000 to 4000 trees/ha varied slightly (from 393 to 406 kg⋅m -3 ), reaching the highest values at an average density value of about 2000 trees per ha. The dependence of wood density on the number of trees in pine and spruce stands in Lithuania [58], as well as Cariniana legalis in Brazil [59], was low positive. However, in Australian eucalyptus plantations, the reverse was observed [60].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Variability of Wood Basic Density and Other Parameters of Trees on a 45-Year-Old Plantation of Scots Pine (Pinus sylvestris L.)

Sharapov,

Demakov,

Korolev

2023

Preprint

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The issue of optimising the initial stand density (ISD) of tree plantations has high practical importance. The objective of this study was to nondestructively evaluate the influence of the initial stand density of Scots pine plantations located in the European part of the Russian Federation on wood basic density (BD), moisture content (MC), ultrasound velocity (UV), latewood content, and drilling resistance (DR). 45-year-old trees with stand densities of 500, 1000, 3000, 5000, and 10000 trees/ha were tested by a 5-cm-long core sample for gravimetric MCGM and BD, by PULSAR-2.2 for UV along the height (UVH) and through the tree trunk diameter (UVD), by the IML-RESI PD-400 tool for DR, and by GANN HT 85T for MC based on the electrical resistance method (MCERM). A significant influence of ISD was found on DBH, UVD, MCGM, and MCERM. ISD had no significant impact on BD, UVH, and DR. The wood BD ranged from 356 to 578 kg/m-3, with a mean value of 434±3.3 kg/m-3, and was restricted by the soil and environmental factors. DBH and 70% MCERM were good indicators of tree vitality. Linear correlations between DBH and MCERM (R2=0.67), DBH and MCGM (R2=0.74), DR and BD (R2=0.71), and the two-factor model MCGM=f(DBH, BD), (R2=0.76) were found.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Variability of Wood Basic Density and Other Parameters of Trees on a 45-Year-Old Plantation of Scots Pine (Pinus sylvestris L.)

Sharapov,

Demakov,

Korolev

2023

Preprint

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“…Thinning and increased spacing between trees on plantations often resulted in a decrease in the wood density in coniferous forests [22,23]. The dependence of wood density on the number of trees in pine and spruce stands in Lithuania [24], as well as Cariniana legalis in Brazil [25], was low positive. However, in Australian Eucalyptus plantations, the reverse was observed [26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Plantation Density on Some Physical and Technological Parameters of Scots Pine (Pinus sylvestris L.)

Sharapov,

Demakov,

Korolev

2024

Forests

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The issue of optimising the initial stand density (ISD) of tree plantations has high practical importance. The objective of this study was to non-destructively evaluate the influence of the initial stand density of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) plantations located in the European part of the Russian Federation on wood basic density (BD), moisture content (MC), ultrasound velocity (UV), latewood content, and drilling resistance (DR). The trees at the age of 45 years with initial plantation densities of 500, 1000, 3000, 5000, and 10,000 trees/ha were tested by a 5 cm-long core sample for gravimetric MCGM and BD by PULSAR-2.2 for UV along the height (UVH) and through the tree trunk diameter (UVD) by the IML-RESI PD-400 tool for DR, as well as by GANN HT 85T for MC based on the electrical-resistance method (MCERM). A significant influence of ISD was found on DBH, UVD, MCGM, and MCERM. ISD had no significant impact on BD, UVH, and DR. The wood BD ranged from 356 to 578 kg·m−3 with a mean value of 434 ± 3.3 kg·m−3 and was restricted by the soil and environmental factors. DBH and 70% MCERM were good indicators of tree vitality. Linear correlations between DBH and MCERM (R2 = 0.67), DBH and MCGM (R2 = 0.74), DR and BD (R2 = 0.71), and the two-factor model MCGM = f(DBH, BD) with R2 = 0.76 were found.

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“…Wood density is considered a main physical quality parameter (Bouriaud et al, 2015;Jacquin et al, 2017;Rosada de Oliveira et al, 2017;Moreno-Fernández et al, 2018) and considered a good predictor of several wood properties and utilizations (Zhang, 1997). The wood density is directly related to anatomical features (Hacke et al, 2001; Roque and Tomazelo-Filho, 2007;Pritzkow et al, 2014;Wilkinson et al, 2015;Salvo et al, 2017) and influences wood mechanical (Giroud et al, 2017) and chemical properties (Nakagawa et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, annual tree-ring microdensity is correlated to cambial activity and used in dendrochronology (Schweingruber et al, 1978;Hietz et al, 2013;Sousa et al, 2016). The density, as well the tree growth, varies seasonality according to the species, genetics, environment and forest management (Zhang, 1997;Rozenberg et al, 2001;Pompa-García and Venegas-González, 2016;Rosada de Oliveira et al, 2017;Moreno-Fernández et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Wood properties of 17-year-old Pinus taeda L. trees under composted pulp-mill sludge fertilization by tree-ring analysis

Rodriguez¹,

Ricardo²

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EPIGRAPH "For me, trees have always been the most penetrating preachers. I revere them when they live in tribes and families, in forests and groves. And even more I revere them when they stand alone. They are like lonely persons. Not like hermits who have stolen away out of some weakness, but like great, solitary men, like Beethoven and Nietzsche. In their highest boughs the world rustles, their roots rest in infinity; but they do not lose themselves there, they struggle with all the force of their lives for one thing only: to fulfill themselves according to their own laws, to build up their own form, to represent themselves. Nothing is holier, nothing is more exemplary than a beautiful, strong tree. When a tree is cut down and reveals its naked death-wound to the sun, one can read its whole history in the luminous, inscribed disk of its trunk: in the rings of its years, its scars, all the struggle, all the suffering, all the sickness, all the happiness and prosperity stand truly written, the narrow years and the luxurious years, the attacks withstood, the storms endured. And every young farmboy knows that the hardest and noblest wood has the narrowest rings, that high on the mountains and in continuing danger the most indestructible, the strongest, the ideal trees grow. Trees are sanctuaries. Whoever knows how to speak to them, whoever knows how to listen to them, can learn the truth. They do not preach learning and precepts, they preach, undeterred by particulars, the ancient law of life. A tree says: A kernel is hidden in me, a spark, a thought, I am life from eternal life. The attempt and the risk that the eternal mother took with me is unique, unique the form and veins of my skin, unique the smallest play of leaves in my branches and the smallest scar on my bark. I was made to form and reveal the eternal in my smallest special detail. A tree says: My strength is trust. I know nothing about my fathers, I know nothing about the thousand children that every year spring out of me. I live out the secret of my seed to the very end, and I care for nothing else. I trust that God is in me. I trust that my labor is holy. Out of this trust I live. When we are stricken and cannot bear our lives any longer, then a tree has something to say to us: Be still! Be still! Look at me! Life is not easy, life is not difficult. Those are childish thoughts. Home is neither here nor there. Home is within you, or home is nowhere at all. A longing to wander tears my heart when I hear trees rustling in the wind at evening. If one listens to them silently for a long time, this longing reveals its kernel, its meaning. It is not so much a matter of escaping from one's suffering, though it may seem to be so. It is a longing for home, for a memory of the mother, for new metaphors for life. It leads home. Every path leads homeward, every step is birth, every step is death, every grave is mother. So the tree rustles in the evening, when we stand uneasy before our own childish thoughts: Trees have long thoughts, long-breathing and restful, jus...

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Effect of tree spacing on growth and wood density of 38-year-oldCariniana legalistrees in Brazil

Cited by 10 publications

References 46 publications

Variability of Wood Basic Density and Other Parameters of Trees on a 45-Year-Old Plantation of Scots Pine (<em>Pinus sylvestris</em> L.)

Variability of Wood Basic Density and Other Parameters of Trees on a 45-Year-Old Plantation of Scots Pine (<em>Pinus sylvestris</em> L.)

Effect of Plantation Density on Some Physical and Technological Parameters of Scots Pine (Pinus sylvestris L.)

Wood properties of 17-year-old <i>Pinus taeda</i> L. trees under composted pulp-mill sludge fertilization by tree-ring analysis

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