Effect of transmission design on Electric Vehicle (EV) performance

Ren, Qinglian; Crolla, D.A.; Morris, Adrian

doi:10.1109/vppc.2009.5289707

Cited by 111 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Many researchers have studied the effects of using a two-speed transmission in BEVs [4][5][6][7][8]. They all have delivered consistent results that this configuration results in lower energy consumption compared with a single-speed transmission.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…The thermal behavior of ESS and the effect of temperature variation on its characteristics have been ignored for the sake of simplicity. Charging behavior has not been taken into consideration since the effect of regenerative braking is negligible [4]. The internal discharge resistance of ESS modules varies with its state of charge as shown in Figure 2. …”

Section: Em and Essmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, they can operate at relatively higher speeds and continuously produce maximum power. Hence, adoption of a single-speed transmission in BEVs can result in adequate dynamic performance (i.e., acceleration, gradeability and top speed) [4]. However, the efficiency of EM is not constant and depends on its operating conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Optimization of multiple transmission layouts for minimal energy consumption of a battery electric vehicle

2018

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Abstract.Battery electric vehicles (BEVs) are a promising solution for reducing the impacts of passenger vehicles on the environment. However, their driving range is restricted due to the limitations of battery technologies. This range can be extended by adoption of multiple-speed transmissions. Most of the comparisons in the related studies are based on non-optimal designs or limited to modal driving cycles. Furthermore, the impact of power-split continuously variable transmission (PS-CVT) layout with type III power flow on the power consumption of BEVs has never been examined. In this paper, single, two and three-speed transmissions along with PS-CVTs with type I and III power flows are optimized for a case study BEV. Furthermore, the effect of push belt and fulltoroidal CVTs in construction of PS-CVT are compared. The results demonstrate that a PS-CVT with type I power flow equipped with the full-toroidal CVT has the best performance. However, it reduces the energy consumption by 0.36% compared to the optimal two-speed layout. In addition, its ratio range is more limited which can negatively impact the dynamic performance. Finally, simulation of the optimal designs along a different cycle proves that the obtained results are consistent, regardless of the driving cycle.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Em and Essmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Optimization of multiple transmission layouts for minimal energy consumption of a battery electric vehicle

2018

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“…However, a large body of literature (for example, Knodel, 2009;Ren, Crolla and Morris, 2009;Sorniotti et al, 2011) has demonstrated that the adoption of multiple-speed transmissions could significantly benefit the energy efficiency and performance of fully electric vehicle drivetrains. For example, the results of a questionnaire (Rinderknecht and Meier, 2010) completed by the attendees of the CTI 2010 conference (a major conference for industrialists in the area of automotive transmissions) pointed out that multiple-speed mechanical transmissions are the expected future standard solution to improve fully electric vehicle efficiency.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel clutchless multiple-speed transmission for electric axles

Sorniotti

Holdstock

Everitt³

et al. 2013

IJPT

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Fully electric vehicles and range-extended electric vehicles can be characterised by a multitude of possible powertrain layouts, many of them currently under investigation and comparison. This contribution presents a novel clutchless seamless four-speed transmission system which can be concurrently driven by two electric motor drives, for use in fully electric vehicles or electric axles for through-the-road parallel hybrid electric vehicles. The transmission system allows the electric motors to work in their high efficiency region for a longer period during a typical driving schedule.

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“…Multiple-speed mechanical transmission systems have been shown to increase the performance and efficiency of fully electric vehicles over single-speed transmissions when driven by a single electric motor [1][2], through increasing the range of the available wheel torques at the respective vehicle speed, and allowing the drivetrain to operate in higher efficiency regions. AMTs (Automated Manual Transmissions) are becoming a viable option for electric powertrains.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy consumption analysis of a novel four-speed dual motor drivetrain for electric vehicles

Holdstock

Sorniotti

Everitt³

et al. 2012

2012 IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference

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-The electric vehicle is becoming increasingly prevalent as a viable option to replace hydrocarbon fuelled vehicles, and as such the development of high efficiency fully electric drivetrains is a particularly relevant research topic. The drivetrain topology is one of the main focuses of research on fully electric drivetrains, because of the variety of available options. For example, the adoption of multiple-speed mechanical transmissions can improve both the performance and energy consumption when compared to a single-speed transmission. A four-speed, dual motor drivetrain design is presented in this article which works on the principle of two double-speed transmissions, each driven by a separate motor linked through a sole secondary shaft. This drivetrain architecture provides increased flexibility of the electric motor operating points, theoretically being beneficial to the overall efficiency of the system for any driving condition. This paper presents the design of the transmission, its governing equations and the method adopted to optimize the state selection map and electric motor torque distribution. A backward-facing energy consumption model is used to compare the results of the four-speed transmission with those of single-and double-speed transmissions for four case study vehicles.

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Effect of transmission design on Electric Vehicle (EV) performance

Cited by 111 publications

References 2 publications

Optimization of multiple transmission layouts for minimal energy consumption of a battery electric vehicle

Optimization of multiple transmission layouts for minimal energy consumption of a battery electric vehicle

A novel clutchless multiple-speed transmission for electric axles

Energy consumption analysis of a novel four-speed dual motor drivetrain for electric vehicles

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