Effect of transcranial direct current stimulation on exercise performance: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Machado, Daniel Gomes da Silva; Ünal, Gözde; Andrade, Suellen Marinho; Moreira, Alexandre; Altimari, Leandro Ricardo; Brunoni, André R.; Perrey, Stéphane; Mauger, Alexis R.; Bikson, Marom; Okano, Alexandre Hideki

doi:10.1016/j.brs.2018.12.227

Cited by 116 publications

(147 citation statements)

References 95 publications

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“…Neuromodulation to augment performance in sports is no science fiction. Several opinion papers and systematic review and meta-analysis articles discussed the feasibility of tDCS as a performance enhancer in athletes (Bolognini et al, 2009;Banissy and Muggleton, 2013;Davis, 2013;Reardon, 2016;Edwards et al, 2017;Angius et al, 2018b;Machado et al, 2019). Interestingly, tDCS is capable of increasing isometric strength (Hazime et al, 2017;Vargas et al, 2018), countermovement jump performance (Lattari et al, 2020) and endurance performance (Okano et al, 2015) even in trained athletes.…”

Section: Performance Enhancement Using Non-invasive Brain Stimulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurodiagnostics in Sports: Investigating the Athlete’s Brain to Augment Performance and Sport-Specific Skills

Seidel-Marzi

Ragert

2020

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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Enhancing performance levels of athletes during training and competition is a desired goal in sports. Quantifying training success is typically accompanied by performance diagnostics including the assessment of sports-relevant behavioral and physiological parameters. Even though optimal brain processing is a key factor for augmented motor performance and skill learning, neurodiagnostics is typically not implemented in performance diagnostics of athletes. We propose, that neurodiagnostics via non-invasive brain imaging techniques such as functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) will offer novel perspectives to quantify training-induced neuroplasticity and its relation to motor behavior. A better understanding of such a brain-behavior relationship during the execution of sport-specific movements might help to guide training processes and to optimize training outcomes. Furthermore, targeted non-invasive brain stimulation such as transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) might help to further enhance training outcomes by modulating brain areas that show training-induced neuroplasticity. However, we strongly suggest that ethical aspects in the use of non-invasive brain stimulation during training and/or competition need to be addressed before neuromodulation can be considered as a performance enhancer in sports.

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Section: Performance Enhancement Using Non-invasive Brain Stimulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurodiagnostics in Sports: Investigating the Athlete’s Brain to Augment Performance and Sport-Specific Skills

Seidel-Marzi

Ragert

2020

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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“…Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a safe method for modulating the excitability of brain regions noninvasively by inducing a low-amplitude current flow between two or more electrodes placed on the scalp [9]. Several systematic reviews and meta-analyses have demonstrated that anodal tDCS applied over M1 can improve balance control, promote muscle strength and muscular endurance, and enhance exercise performance in cycling [10][11][12]. Studies have also shown that anodal tDCS designed to target the sensorimotor regions of the brain improves physical performance, including muscle strength and sensory function [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute Effects of High-Definition Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation on Foot Muscle Strength, Passive Ankle Kinesthesia, and Static Balance: A Pilot Study

et al. 2020

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This study aimed to examine the effects of single-session anodal high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation (HD-tDCS) on the strength of intrinsic foot muscles, passive ankle kinesthesia, and static balance. Methods: In this double-blinded self-controlled study, 14 healthy younger adults were asked to complete assessments of foot muscle strength, passive ankle kinesthesia, and static balance before and after a 20-minute session of either HD-tDCS or sham stimulation (i.e., control) at two visits separated by one week. Two-way repeated-measures analysis of variance was used to examine the effects of HD-tDCS on metatarsophalangeal joint flexor strength, toe flexor strength, the passive kinesthesia threshold of ankle joint, and the average sway velocity of the center of gravity. Results: All participants completed all study procedures and no side effects nor risk events were reported. Blinding was shown to be successful, with an overall accuracy of 35.7% in the guess of stimulation type (p = 0.347). No main effects of intervention, time, or their interaction were observed for foot muscle strength (p > 0.05). The average percent change in first-toe flexor strength following anodal HD-tDCS was 12.8 ± 24.2%, with 11 out of 14 participants showing an increase in strength, while the change following sham stimulation was 0.7 ± 17.3%, with 8 out of 14 participants showing an increase in strength. A main effect of time on the passive kinesthesia threshold of ankle inversion, dorsiflexion, and anteroposterior and medial-lateral average sway velocity of the center of gravity in one-leg standing with eyes closed was observed; these outcomes were reduced from pre to post stimulation (p < 0.05). No significant differences were observed for other variables between the two stimulation types. Conclusion: The results of this pilot study suggested that single-session HD-tDCS may improve the flexor strength of the first toe, although no statistically significant differences were observed between the anodal HD-tDCS and sham procedure groups. Additionally, passive ankle kinesthesia and static standing balance performance were improved from pre to post stimulation, but no significant differences were observed between the HD-tDCS and sham procedure groups. This may be potentially due to ceiling effects in this healthy cohort of a small sample size. Nevertheless, these preliminary findings may provide critical knowledge of optimal stimulation parameters, effect size, and power estimation of HD-tDCS for future trials aiming to confirm and expand the findings of this pilot study.

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“…In addition, tDCS could also improve exercise performance and reduce neuromuscular fatigue. A recent meta-analysis by Machado et al assessed the tDCS effects on performance improvement during different exercises (muscle strength exercise or whole body dynamic cyclic exercise) [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, anodal tDCS would not have any effect on the isometric strength of the upper or lower limbs and few studies have evaluated the effects of tDCS on isokinetic or dynamic muscle strength [3]. To sum up, many studies have demonstrated a positive enhancement of performance using tDCS [4][5][6] while others failed to find any improvement [7][8][9]; therefore, no particular consensus could be made based on the literature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of transcranial direct current stimulation on sports performance for two profiles of athletes (power and endurance) (COMPETE): a protocol for a randomised controlled trial.

Grandperrin

Grosprêtre

Nicolier

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is promising for improving motor and cognitive performance. Nevertheless, its mechanisms of action are unclear and need to be better characterised according to the stimulated brain area and the type of exercise performed. Methods/design This is a double-blind cross-over study, organised into two parts: the first is to assess the effects of tDCS on explosive performance (jump task) and the second is to assess the effects on endurance performance (cycling time trial task). Participants, who are recreationally active or athletes (cyclists, parkour practitioners), will receive two active tDCS sessions (over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and right motor cortex) and one sham tDCS session (part A) or two daily tDCS sessions (one active sequence and one sham) over five days (part B). Motor and cognitive performance will be compared before and after the tDCS sessions (part A) and before and after the first session, after the last session and at day 12 and day 30 of each tDCS sequence (part B). Discussion This study investigates the acute and long-term effects of tDCS on the motor and cognitive performance in healthy subjects. It will try to evaluate if tDCS could be considered as a neuroenhancement technology according to the physical task investigated (endurance versus explosive).

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Effect of transcranial direct current stimulation on exercise performance: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract: The version in the Kent Academic Repository may differ from the final published version. Users are advised to check http://kar.kent.ac.uk for the status of the paper. Users should always cite the published version of record.

Cited by 116 publications

References 95 publications

Neurodiagnostics in Sports: Investigating the Athlete’s Brain to Augment Performance and Sport-Specific Skills

Neurodiagnostics in Sports: Investigating the Athlete’s Brain to Augment Performance and Sport-Specific Skills

Acute Effects of High-Definition Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation on Foot Muscle Strength, Passive Ankle Kinesthesia, and Static Balance: A Pilot Study

Effect of transcranial direct current stimulation on sports performance for two profiles of athletes (power and endurance) (COMPETE): a protocol for a randomised controlled trial.

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