Effect of training on maximum oxygen intake and on anaerobic metabolism in man

Williams, C. G.; Wyndham, C. H.; Kok, Rob M.; Rahden, M. J. E. Von

doi:10.1007/bf00693572

Cited by 38 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…3b) are related to the 02 intake expressed as a percentage of the predicted maximal O2 intake, the pattern of response with increasing work becomes more similar in the two groups, comparable to the way in which heart rates and ventilation responses to exercise at sea level and altitude are identical when plotted against relative work [Hermansen and Saltin, 1967;Grover and Reeves, 1967]. However, when blood lactate levels are considered in the same way, the values for the trained group in submaximal loads remain less than those of untrained subjects, as noted also by Hermansen and Saltin [1967], Saiki et al [1967] and Williams et al [1967]. This is probably explained by a slower circulatory adaptation to an increase in work with a delayed adjustment in oxygen supply to meet the increased demand.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

Interrelation of Responses During Progressive Exercise in Trained and Untrained Subjects

et al. 1969

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In twelve cyclists ('trained' group) an(d twelve sedentary subjects ('untrained' group) the cardiovascular, pulmonary andi metabolic responses to submaximal cycle ergometer exercise have been investigate(l. Lower values for ventilation (VE), heart, rate (HR), cardiac otutput (Q), respiratory exchainge ratio (R) and blood lactate (La) were fouLnd in the trained gIroup. When related to oxygen intake as percentage of predicte(l maximum theiresponses of VE, HR and Q were similar in the two groups btit values for La remained lower in the trainecd subjects. It was concluded that a more rapi(d andl more efficient distribuLtion of cardiac output occurred in the trained group.Five 'trained' andl four 'untrained' subjects were studied during maximal work. Similar values for Q, HR and La were found in both groups; VE was higher and conIstituterl a significantly higher proportion of the ventilatory capacity (stustaine (I MN.V.N'.) in the trained compared with th-e untrained group (81 per cent and 66 pel cent respectively). In both groups the rate at which ventilation increased as maximal loads were approached may+ have le(d to a ventilatorv limitation to further work.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

Interrelation of Responses During Progressive Exercise in Trained and Untrained Subjects

et al. 1969

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“…Finally, physical conditioning decreases the concentration of blood lactate observed at any given submaximal work intensity and % V02 max (Gollnick and Hermansen, 1973;Robinson and Harmon, 1941) and increases the anaerobic threshold (Davis et al, 1979;Williams et al, 1967). These adaptations should decrease the baseline blood lactate level during recovery.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In theory, the peak rate of blood lactate disappearance should occur just below the anaerobic threshold (Stamford et al, 1981). Because the anaerobic threshold occurs at a higher % V02 max in trained individuals (Davies et al, 1979;Williams et al, 1967), the peak rate of blood lactate disappearance should occur at both a higher relative and absolute V02 in trained compared to untrained individuals. A study of the effect of conditioning on the peak rate of blood lactate removal is clearly needed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of physical conditioning on blood lactate disappearance after supramaximal exercise.

Evans¹,

Cureton²

1983

Br J Sports Med

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The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of physical conditioning on the rate of blood lactate disappearance during recovery from supramaximal exercise. The rate of blood lactate disappearance was determined in 11 female and 4 male subjects before and after a 6-week conditioning programme. Blood samples were taken during the 30 minutes following supramaximal exercise during both passive (resting) and active recoveries. Pre-test active recovery was performed at 25% VO2 max; post-test active recovery was performed at both the same absolute and relative intensities (% VO2 max) as during the pre-test. Eight of the subjects trained 4 days/week for 6 weeks with high-intensity interval bicycle ergometer exercise, and 7 subjects served as controls. The conditioning programme significantly (p less than .05) increased VO2 max by 6.7 ml/kg.min (15%) and work capacity on the cycle ergometer by 2.8 minutes (27%). Physical conditioning did not affect significantly (p less than .05) the rate of blood lactate disappearance measured during passive recovery or during active recovery at the same absolute intensity, but increased significantly (p less than .05) the rate of blood lactate disappearance during active recovery performed at the same relative exercise intensity. The increased disappearance rate following conditioning was attributed to the higher absolute intensity of recovery work performed.

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“…The widely reported decrease in blood lactate concentration at a given absolute work rate as a result of training (Williams et al, 1967;Ekblom, 1969) was clearly evident for the TG after the first 5 minutes standardised exercise in the post-training T30 min. During the remaining 25 minutes of the test, however, it increased to a value similar to that recorded at the end of the pre-training test.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

The influence of training on endurance and blood lactate concentration during submaximal exercise.

Mayes

Hardman²,

Williams³

1987

Br J Sports Med

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The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of short-term training on maximum oxygen uptake (V02 max) and two different measures of endurance performance. Endurance was determined for 15 female subjects (7 training, 8 control) as (1) exercise time to exhaustion at 80% V02 max (T80%) and (2) Despite the fact that V02 max may be increased by training, its adoption as an indicator of endurance fitness has been questioned. Firstly, it has been found to be largely predetermined genetically (Klissouras et al, 1973;Lortie et al, 1982) and secondly, training-induced changes in endurance performance may be independent of changes in V02 max (Williams and Nute, 1986).An alternative description of an individual's training status may be obtained by assessing the individual's ability to sustain an exercise intensity that demands a high percentage of his or her V02 max. This is because V02 max describes the whole body's capacity to take up oxygen, while the fractional utilisation of V02 max (%V02 max) over a given period of time reflects the metabolic characteristics of the working muscles and specifically their capacity for aerobic metabolism. This ability to sustain a high %VO2 max has previously been examined in two ways, either by measuring the exercise time to exhaustion at a given %VO2 max (Hardman, 1982) or by estimating the highest

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Effect of training on maximum oxygen intake and on anaerobic metabolism in man

Cited by 38 publications

References 6 publications

Interrelation of Responses During Progressive Exercise in Trained and Untrained Subjects

Interrelation of Responses During Progressive Exercise in Trained and Untrained Subjects

Effect of physical conditioning on blood lactate disappearance after supramaximal exercise.

The influence of training on endurance and blood lactate concentration during submaximal exercise.

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