Effect of Trace Addition of Sn on the Precipitation Hardening in Al-Si-Cu Eutectic Alloy

Akopyan, Т. К.; Белов, Н. А.; Letyagin, N. V.

doi:10.1007/s11837-019-03422-x

Cited by 13 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Therefore, when Sn was added to age-hardenable alloys such as Al-Cu, the θ precipitates were likely to finely distribute in a high-number density in subsequent heat treatments. Similarly, in the cast Al-7 wt.% Si-7 wt.% Cu alloy studied by Akopyan [24] et al, the addition of 0.2 wt.% Sn was found to promote the precipitation of θ and θ during heat treatments and stabilize the precipitates. The mechanism is also active in wrought Al-Mg-Si-Sn alloys [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 77%

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The Fatal Defects in Cast Al-Si Alloys Due to Sn Addition

Xiao,

Wang,

Deng

et al. 2023

Materials

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Cast defects are common in cast alloys and they are difficult to eliminate without deformation. They strongly degrade the mechanical properties of cast alloys. The addition of some elements can affect the number of cast defects. In this work, the deleterious effect of Sn addition on the mechanical properties of Al-Si alloys has been investigated via 3D-computed tomography, SEM and TEM. Amorphous Sn oxides were found near the alumina film or formed enclosures with alumina film. The melt containing high Sn content was trapped by enclosures, causing more shrinkage pores during solidification. Cracks likely initiated and expanded along these pores and brittle amorphous Sn oxides, deteriorating the mechanical properties. This work suggests not adding Sn to various Al alloys when used in a cast state.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…In recent years, the strengthening effects of Sn have been found in various wrought and cast Al alloys [18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25]. The mechanism has been revealed by the work of Elsayed et al [25] on a model Al-0.025 at.% Sn cast alloy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Fatal Defects in Cast Al-Si Alloys Due to Sn Addition

Xiao,

Wang,

Deng

et al. 2023

Materials

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“…Many studies have reported the effect of Sn on the precipitation kinetics. Most of the studies are based on transmission electron microscopy or 3D atom probe tomography combined with the age-hardening curve [4][5][6]. However, there are few quantitative analyses on the effect of Sn on precipitation kinetics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, optimising Cu content has an important influence on the age-hardening and mechanical properties. In addition, Sn is considered as an important trace element to restrain vacancy annihilation due to its high binding energy with vacancies [4][5][6]. Studies have shown that Sn promotes the formation of the θ phase by reducing the interfacial energy between the precipitate and the matrix or acting as heterogeneous nucleation particles [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantifying the effects of Sn on θ′-Al₂Cu precipitation kinetics in Al–Cu alloys

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2021

Materials Science and Technology

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In this study, the effects of 0.14 wt-% Sn on accelerating the precipitation kinetics during heat treatment are quantified. By calculating the activation energy of θ′ phase, it was found that the combined additions of Cu and Sn can reduce the energy barrier and increase the number density of the θ′ phase in the peak aged state, and thus improving yield strength and ultimate tensile strength from 239 and 318 to 445 and 457 MPa, respectively. Based on the quantitative analysis of the θ′ phase, it was found that with the combined additions of Cu and Sn, the average length of the θ′ phase increased from 18.11 to 25.82 nm, and the number density increased from 2.17 × 1021 to 4.62 × 1021 m−3.

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“…For example, the formation of the semi-coherent precipitates and uniformly distribution of the precipitates in the matrix were stimulated by T6 treatment [ 16 , 17 ]. General accepted precipitation sequences in Al-Si alloy are shown as: supersaturated solid solution (SSS)→Mg/Si cluster→Guinier Preston zones (GP zones) zones→β″→β′→β [ 18 ], and (SSS)→Al/Cu cluster →GP zones →θ″→θ′→θ [ 18 ]. These precipitates (i.e., β′ and θ′) play an important role in improving the mechanical properties of the alloy at room temperature, due to their semi-coherent relationship with the matrix.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological Evolutions of Ni-Rich Phases in Al-Si Piston Alloys during 250–400 °C Thermal Exposure Processes

Geng

Bian

et al. 2020

Materials

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The thermal stability of the Al-Si alloys during the thermal exposure process from 250 °C to 400 °C was systematically investigated. The relationships between the morphological evolution and the mechanical changes of the alloys were determined through the Vickers hardness test and materials characterization method. Initially, the alloys exhibited similar thermal degradation behavior. For example, the exposure process of the alloy at 300 °C can be divided into two stages according to the changes of the alloy hardness and the matrix micro-hardness. In detail, the first stage (0–2 h) exhibited a severe reduction of the alloy hardness while the second stage showed a more leveled hardness during the following 98 h. There are three identified morphological characteristics of Ni-rich phases in the alloy. Furthermore, the differences in both composition and the micro-hardness between these Ni-rich phases were confirmed. The underlying relationships between the morphological transformation of the Ni-rich phases and hardness fluctuation in the alloy were correlated and elucidated. The observed alloy hardness increase when the exposure temperature was 400 °C was unexpected. This behavior was explained from the perspectives of both Ni-rich phases evolution and dispersoid formation.

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Effect of Trace Addition of Sn on the Precipitation Hardening in Al-Si-Cu Eutectic Alloy

Cited by 13 publications

References 27 publications

The Fatal Defects in Cast Al-Si Alloys Due to Sn Addition

The Fatal Defects in Cast Al-Si Alloys Due to Sn Addition

Quantifying the effects of Sn on θ′-Al₂Cu precipitation kinetics in Al–Cu alloys

Morphological Evolutions of Ni-Rich Phases in Al-Si Piston Alloys during 250–400 °C Thermal Exposure Processes

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Effect of Trace Addition of Sn on the Precipitation Hardening in Al-Si-Cu Eutectic Alloy

Cited by 13 publications

References 27 publications

The Fatal Defects in Cast Al-Si Alloys Due to Sn Addition

The Fatal Defects in Cast Al-Si Alloys Due to Sn Addition

Quantifying the effects of Sn on θ′-Al2Cu precipitation kinetics in Al–Cu alloys

Morphological Evolutions of Ni-Rich Phases in Al-Si Piston Alloys during 250–400 °C Thermal Exposure Processes

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Quantifying the effects of Sn on θ′-Al₂Cu precipitation kinetics in Al–Cu alloys