Effect of Torrefaction on the Properties of Corn Stalk to Enhance Solid Fuel Qualities

Poudel, Jeeban; Oh, Sea Cheon

doi:10.3390/en7095586

Cited by 53 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Particularly, LAR‐ and YP‐260T showed higher HHV than LAR‐ and YP‐180T or 220T ( P < 0.01). Similar results can be found in many studies dealing with torrefied wood or other biomass . Table also shows the weight loss of LAR and YP cubes torrefied at temperatures of 180, 220 and 260°C.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 85%

Effect of Torrefaction Temperature on Lignin Distribution of Larix kaempferiC. and Liriodendron tulipiferaL. Cubes and the Impact of Binder on Durability of Pellets Fabricated with the Torrefied Cubes

Park

Lee

et al. 2019

Env Prog and Sustain Energy

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Larch (LAR) and yellow poplar (YP) cubes were torrefied at 180, 220 and 260°C for 50 min to investigate the effect of torrefaction temperature on chemical composition, fuel properties and pelletability. When increasing the torrefaction temperature from 180 to 220°C, lignin content of torrefied LAR and YP increased from 28 to 34% and from 21 to 23%, respectively. Xylose contents of LAR and YP decreased to 11% at the torefaction temperature of 260°C. The thermal degradation of xylose by the torrefaction treatment has a significant impact on increasing the ash content, higher heating value and weight loss of the torrefied LAR and YP. When the lignin distribution of untreated and 180°C‐torrefied cubes were measured quantitatively by the microscopic analysis of SEM–EDX, the amount of lignin existing on the radial‐sectional areas of LAR and YP increased from 7.89 to 18.84% and from 6.37 to 17.71%, respectively. Durability of pellets fabricated with torrefied LAR and YP cubes decreased with the increase of torrefaction temperature. By the adjustment of a moisture content for the torrefied particles, durability of torrefied LAR pellets improved by 8–11% but that of YP decreased by 2–21%. Addition of 2 wt% starch, lignin and protein as a binder to 180°C‐ and 220°C‐torrefied LAR and YP affected the increase of pellets durability. Accordingly, it can be concluded that the addition of binder or moisture is needed to produce durable pellets made with torrefied LAR and YP while accounting for costs associated with the binders. © 2019 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 38:e13146, 2019

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 85%

Effect of Torrefaction Temperature on Lignin Distribution of Larix kaempferiC. and Liriodendron tulipiferaL. Cubes and the Impact of Binder on Durability of Pellets Fabricated with the Torrefied Cubes

Park

Lee

et al. 2019

Env Prog and Sustain Energy

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“…The mass and energy yields of the biomass were calculated, based on equations cited by Poudel et al [19] as:…”

Section: Torrefaction Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetics and Performance of Raw and Torrefied Biomass in a Continuous Bubbling Fluidized Bed Gasifier

Al-Farraji

Marsh

Steer

et al. 2017

Waste Biomass Valor

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This paper is an experimental study of the kinetics of gasification of olive kernel by using a thermogravimetric fluidized bed reactor technique. Gasification of 'as received' and torrefied olive kernels were investigated in a lab-scale bubbling fluidized bed gasifier, operating at up to 3.2 kg/h. The effect of bed temperature between 550 and 750 °C in 50 °C increments on the gasification product gas at mass-based equivalence ratios of 0.15 and 0.2 was studied. To explore the potential of torrefied biomass, the gasification results were compared to that of the 'as received' biomass. The product gas from torrefied biomass produced higher H 2 , CO and CH 4 concentrations at identical oxidant flow rates in addition to higher cold gas efficiency and higher product gas heating value. The influence of equivalence ratio in gasification was also investigated at reactor temperatures of 750 °C and five equivalence ratios (0.15, 0.2, 0.25, 0.3, and 0.35). The results revealed that the torrefied biomass has the highest HHV at an equivalence ratio of 0.2 with a value of 6.09 MJ/Nm 3 , while 'as received' biomass 4.72 MJ/Nm 3 . Kinetic experiments under isothermal conditions were performed for the gasification of the materials in continuous mode. A mass balance model was successfully used to provide the capability of separately determining the rate constant of the reactions taking place. The kinetic parameters were calculated by a first order reaction model giving activation energies for 'as received' olive kernels of 84 kJ/mol and for torrefied olive kernels of 106 kJ/mol.

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“…The increase in the carbon content is only an apparent increase due to the decrease in the oxygen content. These results indicate that the torrefaction method most likely increases the energy density of the waste wood by removing oxygen [26][27][28]. The O/C ratio decreased during torrefaction; this corresponds mainly to the loss of moisture and low-energy volatile components, which consequently increases carbon densification.…”

Section: Proximate and Ultimate Analysesmentioning

confidence: 87%

Furniture wood waste as a potential renewable energy source

Plis

Kotyczka-Morańska

Kopczyński

et al. 2016

J Therm Anal Calorim

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In this study, the combustion behavior of raw waste wood from furniture and samples torrefied at temperatures of 473, 513, 553 and 593 K was investigated. TG-DTG analysis showed that the mass loss in the first stage of the process decreased with the temperature of torrefaction, whereas the temperature in the second stage increased. The influence of torrefaction and combustion parameters on greenhouse gas emissions were investigated by the FTIR technique. The characteristic combustion parameters were also determined. The ignition temperatures for the furniture wood waste and samples torrefied at 473, 513 and 553 K from 549 to 559 K, whereas that of the sample torrefied at 593 K was significantly higher (600 K). All samples were completely burnt at 813-843 K, after 29-35 min, depending on the torrefaction temperature. Kinetic parameters are determined using a two-step firstorder reaction. The activation energy value for the first stage increased with the increasing temperature of torrefaction, from 68 to 125 kJ mol -1 , whereas the temperature in the second stage decreased from 108 to 47 kJ mol -1 . A similar correlation was observed for the pre-exponential value A. In the case of the torrefied furniture wood waste at 593 K, the combustion process runs as a single first-order reaction. The calculated data were fitted to the experimental data very accurately (R 2 [ 0.9992 and standard deviation \6.7 %), and the kinetic model was correctly founded. The linear relationship between logA and E a provides a way to predict the kinetic parameters of the combustion process. Keywords

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Effect of Torrefaction on the Properties of Corn Stalk to Enhance Solid Fuel Qualities

Cited by 53 publications

References 19 publications

Effect of Torrefaction Temperature on Lignin Distribution of Larix kaempferiC. and Liriodendron tulipiferaL. Cubes and the Impact of Binder on Durability of Pellets Fabricated with the Torrefied Cubes

Effect of Torrefaction Temperature on Lignin Distribution of Larix kaempferiC. and Liriodendron tulipiferaL. Cubes and the Impact of Binder on Durability of Pellets Fabricated with the Torrefied Cubes

Kinetics and Performance of Raw and Torrefied Biomass in a Continuous Bubbling Fluidized Bed Gasifier

Furniture wood waste as a potential renewable energy source

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