Effect of Topically Administered Epinephrine, Norepinephrine, and Acetylcholine on Cerebrocortical Circulation and the NAD/NADH Redox State

Abstract

Summary:We investigated the effects of topically ad ministered catecholamines and acetylcholine (ACh) on the cerebrocortical microcirculation and NAD/NADH redox state in chloralose-anesthetized cats. NADH fluo rescence of the brain cortex and the volume of small in tracortical vessels were measured by fluororeflectometry, and in most of the experiments the pial vessels were photographed simultaneously through a cranial window. Cerebrocortical vascular volume (CVV) and the diameter of the pial vessels were decreased, and NADH was oxidized by concentrations of epinephrine and norepi nephrine as low as 3 x 10-8 M. Pial veins constricted approximately twice as much as pial arteries. ACh dila tated pial arteries, slightly constricted pial veins, and in creased CVV, but had no effect on the NAD/NADH redox state. Since pial and intracortical vessels were conThe dual sympathetic and parasympathetic in nervation of cerebral vessels is well recognized, and it has also been proved that cerebral vessels contain both adrenergic and cholinergic receptors (Ku schinsky and Wahl, 1975;Edvinsson and Owman, 1977; Auer et aI., 1981; Harik et ai., 1981; Ulrich et aI., 1982). In spite of this, the role of the autonomic nervous system and its humoral mediators in the regulation of cere bro vascular volume (CVV) and cerebral blood flow (CBF) is still a matter of controversy (Kuschinsky and Wahl, 1975;Kontos,

Mitochondrial function in vivo evaluated by NADH fluorescence: from animal models to human studies

“…They tested the influence of phenoxybenzamine on the blood volume and NADH in hypotensive and hypertensive cats. Later on, Dora et al (72) studied the effects of topical administration of norepinephrine and acetylcholine on blood volume and NADH in the cats' brains. The effects of the adrenergic ␤-blocker on NADH and blood volume were reported (73).…”

Optical monitoring of tissue viability parameters in vivo: from experimental animals to clinical applications

“…As was observed, NE administration caused the oxidation of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) [10] and a change in the rate of oxidative metabolism activity [11]. In 1962, Chance et al [12] showed that NADH is the most sensitive component, in the respiratory chain, to tissue oxygen levels.…”

A perfused rat brain model maintaining the connection between the central and peripheral nervous systems

“…Under such experimental conditions, it is difficult to observe the direct effect of cyanide on the cerebral mitochondria. Using a superfused cranial window model, Dora and co-workers have succeeded in investigation direct effects of drugs and hypoxia/ischmemia on the microcirculation and the oxygenation of a localized brain area (Dora and Kovach, 1983;Dora and Urbanics, 1986). Meanwhile, our present model enables us to observe effects on the whole brain of drugs supplied through cerebral circulation, which is more physiological.…”