Effect of topical simvastatin (1.2mg) on gingival crevicular fluid interleukin-6, interleukin-8 and interleukin-10 levels in chronic periodontitis – A clinicobiochemical study

Abstract

CytokinesPeriodontal health GCF Host defence a b s t r a c tObjectives: The impact of simvastatin (SMV), a cholesterol lowering drug, on bone metabolism appears to involve complex interaction with cholesterol metabolites, hormones, inflammatory mediators and growth factors, thus having direct influence on extent and severity of periodontitis. The present study aims to evaluate the in vivo effect of subgingivally delivered SMV gel (1.2 mg) as a local drug-delivery agent on clinical parameters and on interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) levels in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of chronic periodontitis patients. Materials and methods: 50 patients were selected and categorized into two treatment groups: control (scaling and root planing) and test group (scaling and root planing with SMV gel). At initial appointment, clinical parameters were measured. Biochemical analysis of GCF samples was done to evaluate the amount of IL-6, IL-8 and IL-10. GCF sampling and clinical parameters were repeated at one and three months for both the groups.Results: SMV has an inhibitory effect on pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-8) and stimulatory effect on anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10) in GCF of periodontitis patients and has significantly positive effect on all clinical parameters except relative attachment level (RAL).The addition of SMV, thereby, further alters the levels of cytokine that reflect enhanced antibacterial host defence activity at that site.Conclusion: Topical SMV has a beneficial effect on periodontal health. Removal of the bacterial plaque and subgingival delivery of SMV significantly modulates the chemokines present in GCF. To summarize, SMV shows promising role in the management of periodontitis.

Simvastatin modulates gingival cytokine and MMP production in a rat model of ligature-induced periodontitis

“…The increased knowledge on the inflammatory pathways involved in periodontitis has prompted the investigation of the effects of anti-inflammatory drugs as strategies to reduce gingival inflammation 16. Recent studies have suggested that cholesterol-lowering drugs such as simvastatin are protective against experimental2,4,17 and human periodontitis 18,19. These evidences have suggested that simvastatin is able to reduce bone loss and modulate the expression/release of inflammatory markers in gingival crevicular fluid samples.…”

The effect of local and systemic statin use as an adjunct to non-surgical and surgical periodontal therapy—A systematic review and meta-analysis

“…The flowchart of the literature search is presented in Figure 1. Out of 383 identified studies, 26 articles were selected for full-text review; 7 trials [25][26][27][28][29][30][31] were excluded for various reasons (Appendix S3).…”

Inflammatory Biomarkers, Microbiome, Depression, and Executive Dysfunction in Alcohol Users

“…The AG showed higher salivary IL-10 and IL-13 than the CG. IL-10 has been identified to be increased in the process of a hangover after alcohol consumption [66]. IL-10 has also been associated with the development of periodontitis [67].…”