Effect of topical antimicrobial therapy and household cleaning on meticillin‐resistant <i>Staphylococcus pseudintermedius</i> carriage in dogs

Frosini, Siân-Marie; Bond, R.; King, Ruth H.; Feudi, Claudia; Schwarz, Štefan; Loeffler, Anette

doi:10.1002/vetr.937

Cited by 9 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 40 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Limited research has been conducted on the antibacterial efficacy of detergent or disinfectant products against S. pseudintermedius [ 52 , 55 , 56 ]. MRSP contamination in the environment can be reduced using household cleaning detergent and bleach, as well as antimicrobial treatment in infected dogs [ 55 ]. Furthermore, combining a high dose of chlorhexidine digluconate with cathelicidin (antimicrobial peptide) and incubating for 30-60 min can neutralize S. pseudintermedius [ 56 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Antimicrobial resistance in Staphylococcus pseudintermedius on the environmental surfaces of a recently constructed veterinary hospital in Southern Thailand

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background and Aim: Staphylococcus pseudintermedius is a zoonotic bacterium commonly found in animals, especially dogs. These bacteria can survive on environmental surfaces for several months. The infection of S. pseudintermedius from the environment is possible, but properly cleaning surface objects can prevent it. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of methicillin-resistant S. pseudintermedius (MRSP) in the environment of a recently constructed veterinary hospital in Southern Thailand, where we hypothesized that the prevalence of MRSP might be very low. Materials and Methods: At three different time points, 150 samples were collected from different environmental surfaces and wastewater across the veterinary hospital. The collection was done after the hospital's cleaning. Bacteria were purified in the culture before being identified as species by biochemical tests and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Next, the antimicrobial-resistant profile was performed using an automated system (Vitek 2). Finally, the antimicrobial resistance genes were identified using PCR. Results: Fifteen colonies of S. pseudintermedius were isolated from the surfaces of eight floors, four tables, two chairs, and one rebreathing tube. Fourteen colonies (93.3%) were multidrug-resistant (MDR) and carried the blaZ gene (93.3%). The majority of colonies were resistant to benzylpenicillin (93.3%), cefovecin (93.3%), ceftiofur (93.3%), kanamycin (93.3%), and neomycin (93.3%). Notably, only four colonies (26.7%) were methicillin-susceptible S. pseudintermedius, whereas 11 colonies (73.3%) were MRSP and carried both the mecA and blaZ genes. Five MRSP (45.5%) were resistant to at least 14 antimicrobial drugs, represented as extensively drug-resistant (XDR) bacteria. Ten of eleven MRSP (90.9%) were Staphylococcal chromosomal mec type V, while another displayed untypeable. Despite the routine and extensive cleaning with detergent and disinfectant, MRSP isolates were still detectable. Conclusion: Many isolates of MRSP were found in this veterinary hospital. Almost all of them were MDR, and nearly half were XDR, posing a threat to animals and humans. In addition, the current hospital cleaning procedure proved ineffective. Future research should be conducted to determine the bacterial biofilm properties and bacterial sensitivity to certain detergents and disinfectants.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial resistance in Staphylococcus pseudintermedius on the environmental surfaces of a recently constructed veterinary hospital in Southern Thailand

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In two of four (50%) of the RFP‐resistant cultures, the isolate was MSS. This may represent intermittent loss of carriage of the MRS isolate within a heterogenous bacterial population in which a separate staphylococcal isolate becomes predominant 18–20 . The retrospective nature of this study prevented determination of the true prevalence of RFP resistance following treatment in this population, although the results of all four cases becoming RFP‐resistant may indicate that resistance occurs commonly.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This may represent intermittent loss of carriage of the MRS isolate within a heterogenous bacterial population in which a separate staphylococcal isolate becomes predominant. [18][19][20] The retrospective nature of this study prevented determination of the true prevalence of RFP resistance following treatment in this population, although the results of all four cases becoming RFP-resistant may indicate that resistance occurs commonly. Interestingly, three patients with recurrent pyoderma responded well to a second course of RFP within three to five months of the first course.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rifampicin treatment of canine multidrug‐resistant meticillin‐resistant staphylococcal pyoderma: A retrospective study of 51 cases

Harbour¹,

Schick²,

Mount³

et al. 2022

Veterinary Dermatology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Rifampicin (RFP) is a potential treatment for canine multidrugresistant (MDR) meticillin-resistant staphylococci (MRS), yet the use of lower doses based on recent MIC data has not been evaluated in vivo.Hypothesis/Objectives: To provide information on the efficacy and safety of low-dose range RFP (≤6 mg/kg/day) for the treatment of canine MDR MRS pyoderma.Animals: Fifty-one client-owned dogs. Materials and methods:Retrospective review of dogs medical records. Dogs were from 11 US dermatology referral practices and had oral RFP at ≤6 mg/kg/day. Data evaluated included response to treatment, adverse events, and serum changes in alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP).Results: Complete resolution of pyoderma occurred in 39 of 51 dogs (76.5%).Topical antimicrobials were used concurrently in most cases (47 of 51; 92.2%). ALP elevation >1.5-fold of baseline or the high end of the reference range occurred in nine of 37 (24.3%) dogs, while ALT elevation above baseline and the high end of the reference range occurred in two of 36 (5.6%). Only six of 51 (11.8%) had clinical adverse events during treatment; five of six (83.3%) were mild reactions consisting of lethargy and gastrointestinal signs, while one dog had a possible cutaneous adverse drug reaction. Of those that experienced clinical adverse events, four of six (66.7%) did not have concurrent increased liver enzyme activity, while two of six (33.3%) had elevations in ALP alone. Conclusions and clinical relevance:Low-dose RFP (≤6 mg/kg/day) appears to be a relatively safe and effective single-agent systemic antibiotic in combination with topical antimicrobials for canine MDR MRS pyoderma.

show abstract

“…In the present study, 24.1% of the isolates were defined as the MDR S. pseudintermedius phenotype, and there was a larger percentage in the dogs with keratitis compared with in the healthy dogs. In addition, MDR S. pseudintermedius carriage was reported to be common in dogs after recovery from infection, and MDR-infected dogs are more likely to be reinfected with S. pseudintermedius ( 60 ). Thus, treating the disease induced by MDR S. pseudintermedius is very challenging.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibiotic resistance, biofilm formation, and virulence factors of isolates of staphylococcus pseudintermedius from healthy dogs and dogs with keratitis

Wang

Guo

et al. 2022

Front. Vet. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Canine bacterial keratitis is a common infection that can potentially threaten vision. Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (S. pseudintermedius) is an opportunistic pathogen that has been isolated from the canine conjunctival sac but there are only a few reports on the role of this bacterium in canine keratitis. This study focused on the distribution rate of S. pseudintermedius in the canine conjunctival sac, and the antibiotic resistance, biofilm-producing ability, and dissemination of virulence factors in strains of S. pseudintermedius isolated from healthy dogs and dogs with keratitis. The study included 35 healthy dogs and 40 dogs with keratitis. Bacterial species were confirmed by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI–TOF MS). Strains of S. pseudintermedius were screened for resistance against nine different antibiotics by the Kirby–Bauer assay. The ability to produce biofilm was investigated by microtiter plate assay (MtP) and amplification of icaA and icaD genes. Virulence factors in the strains were also evaluated. A total of 132 aerobic bacteria were isolated from the 119 samples in the study. Among them, 67 bacterial strains were isolated from 70 eyes of healthy dogs, and 65 bacterial strains were isolated from 49 eyes of dogs with keratitis. The prevalence of S. pseudintermedius, which was the most frequent bacterial isolate in both the groups, was 20.9% in the healthy group and 23.08% in the keratitis group. Most of the isolates of S. pseudintermedius were sensitive to rifampin (96.6%), oxacillin (100%), and neomycin (96.6%), and resistant to tetracycline (96.6%). Virulence factors such as lip (96.6%), hlgB (96.6%), and hlgA (96.6%) were found in most of the isolates, and 89.66% of isolates were classed as biofilm producers. In conclusion, S. pseudintermedius was the common bacterium in the conjunctivital sac of the healthy dogs and dogs with keratitis in Yangzhou, China, and the presence of virulence factors and biofilm-formation ability were high in the strains isolated from the dogs with keratitis.

show abstract

Effect of topical antimicrobial therapy and household cleaning on meticillin‐resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius carriage in dogs

Cited by 9 publications

References 40 publications

Antimicrobial resistance in Staphylococcus pseudintermedius on the environmental surfaces of a recently constructed veterinary hospital in Southern Thailand

Antimicrobial resistance in Staphylococcus pseudintermedius on the environmental surfaces of a recently constructed veterinary hospital in Southern Thailand

Rifampicin treatment of canine multidrug‐resistant meticillin‐resistant staphylococcal pyoderma: A retrospective study of 51 cases

Antibiotic resistance, biofilm formation, and virulence factors of isolates of staphylococcus pseudintermedius from healthy dogs and dogs with keratitis

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About