Effect of tool geometry on microstructure and mechanical Properties of friction stir processed AA2024-T351 aluminium alloy

John, Jacob; Shanmughanatan, S.P.; Kiran, M.B.

doi:10.1016/j.matpr.2018.01.095

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Based on the friction stir processing [ 40 , 41 , 42 ] and deposition [ 43 , 44 ] concepts, the total heat input ( Q t ) to refill the FSSW keyhole via FSD is the summation of the frictional heat generated by the consumable tool shoulder between the rotating consumable pin and the surrounded material in the vicinity of the keyhole and at the consumable pin tip. In general, the heat generation is given as follows:

…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Table 2 illustrates the measured peak temperature in the stir zone (SZ) during the FSSW process. It can be noted that the peak temperature increases from to 225 ± 2 to 350 ± 2 with the increasing tool rotation Based on the friction stir processing [40][41][42] and deposition [43,44] concepts, the total heat input (Q t ) to refill the FSSW keyhole via FSD is the summation of the frictional heat generated by the consumable tool shoulder between the rotating consumable pin and the surrounded material in the vicinity of the keyhole and at the consumable pin tip. In general, the heat generation is given as follows:…”

Section: Heat Input Energy Calculations and Peak Temperature Measurem...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Novel Friction Stir Deposition Technique to Refill Keyhole of Friction Stir Spot Welded AA6082-T6 Dissimilar Joints of Different Sheet Thicknesses

et al. 2022

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Joining dissimilar sheet thicknesses of AA6082-T6 alloys by friction stir spot welding (FSSW) provides many advantages in automotive and aerospace applications. The formed keyhole at the end of the FSSW process is one of the typical features after the welding process, which owns the same size as the rotating pin that remains at the joint center. This keyhole destroys the joint continuity and can stimulate serious stress concentration when the FSSW joint bears an external force. To solve this issue, a novel refilling technique was developed for the FSSW keyholes using a friction stir deposition (FSD) technique. The FSSW joints of AA6082-T6 sheets were welded at various rotation speeds from 400 to 1000 rpm and a constant dwell time of 3 s, where a 2 mm sheet thickness was an upper sheet, and a 1 mm sheet thickness was a lower sheet. All the keyhole refilling processes were achieved using a specially designed AA2011-T6 consumable rod to be used for friction stir deposition of continuous layers at a constant deposition parameter of 400 rpm consumable rod rotation speed and a 1 mm/min feed rate. The heat input energy for both the FSSW and refilled FSSW lap joints was calculated. In addition, the FSSW and the FSD temperatures were measured. Macrostructure, microstructure, and mechanical properties in terms of hardness and tensile shear maximum load were evaluated for both the friction stir spot welded (FSSWed) and the refilled FSSW lap joints. The obtained results showed that the keyhole could be successfully refilled with defect-free continuous multilayers after the refill friction stir spot welding (RFSSW) process. All the RFSSW lap joints showed higher tensile shear loads than that given by the FSSW (before refill) lap joints. The RFSSW joint (welded at 600 rpm/3 s and refilled at 400 rpm/1 mm/min) showed a higher tensile shear load of 5400 N ± 100 compared with that recorded by the unrefilled joint (4300 N ± 80). The fracture location and fracture surface of the FSSW and RFSSW were examined and discussed.

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…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Heat Input Energy Calculations and Peak Temperature Measurem...mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Friction Stir Deposition Technique to Refill Keyhole of Friction Stir Spot Welded AA6082-T6 Dissimilar Joints of Different Sheet Thicknesses

et al. 2022

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“…the UTS and percentage elongation should improve with the grain refinement but the current results do not correlate with this norm. The decline in UTS was attributed to the dissolution of strengthening precipitates due to dynamic recrystallization [29,30,[34][35][36]. It was also observed that the percentage elongation was also fluctuating along with the UTS fluctuation.…”

Section: Tensile Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The similar feature was also observed on the fractured surface of specimens sampled from the joint processed with 4P FSP procedure (see figures 6(j)-(l)). The presence of river-like structures is an indication of poor materials mixing or joint that experienced high heat input and this is normally characterized by the occurrence of fracture at the stir zone [34,[40][41][42]. The river-like structures on the surfaces of joint processed with 1P FSP procedure suggest the poor material mixing and this can be judged from the microstructural arrangement and the tensile properties.…”

Section: Tensile Surface Morphologymentioning

confidence: 99%

The mechanical properties of AA6082/AA1050 dissimilar joints subjected to multi-pass friction stir processing

et al. 2021

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This paper reports 'on the influence of multi-pass friction stir processing (MFSP) on AA6082/AA1050 dissimilar joints produced by friction stir welding (FSW) technique. The produced dissimilar joints were subjected to 1pass (1P), 2pass (2P), 3pass (3P), and 4pass (4P) friction stir processing (FSP) procedure. The microstructural analysis showed the decrease in grain size with an increase in number of FSP passes. However, the tensile properties showed inverse relations with the number of FSP passes and this was linked to the dissolution of strengthening precipitates. The fractographic analysis showed the presence of dimples on all the fractured surfaces and that is an indication ductile fracture. However, the fractured surface of the 4P specimen was characterized by the presence of dimples mixed with flat structures which indicates ductility mixed with brittleness. There was no major influence of the number' of FSP passes on the microhardness of the AA6082/AA1050 joint.

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“…The effect of the tool size and geometry on the microstructure and properties of materials is studied in detail in Refs. [36,40,41,92,93,[106][107][108].…”

Section: Fsp Process Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Friction Stir Processing of Structural Metallic Materials: Process, Properties, and Methods

Zykova

Tarasov

Chumaevskiy

et al. 2020

Metals

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Friction stir processing (FSP) has attracted much attention in the last decade and contributed significantly to the creation of functionally graded materials with both gradient structure and gradient mechanical properties. Subsurface gradient structures are formed in FSPed metallic materials due to ultrafine grained structure formation, surface modification and hardening with various reinforcing particles, fabrication of hybrid and in situ surfaces. This paper is a review of the latest achievements in FSP of non-ferrous metal alloys (aluminum, copper, titanium, and magnesium alloys). It describes the general formation mechanisms of subsurface gradient structures in metal alloys processed by FSP under various conditions. A summary of experimental data is given for the microstructure, mechanical, and tribological properties of non-ferrous metal alloys.

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Effect of tool geometry on microstructure and mechanical Properties of friction stir processed AA2024-T351 aluminium alloy

Cited by 10 publications

References 8 publications

A Novel Friction Stir Deposition Technique to Refill Keyhole of Friction Stir Spot Welded AA6082-T6 Dissimilar Joints of Different Sheet Thicknesses

A Novel Friction Stir Deposition Technique to Refill Keyhole of Friction Stir Spot Welded AA6082-T6 Dissimilar Joints of Different Sheet Thicknesses

The mechanical properties of AA6082/AA1050 dissimilar joints subjected to multi-pass friction stir processing

A Review of Friction Stir Processing of Structural Metallic Materials: Process, Properties, and Methods

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