Effect of Tityus serrulatus scorpion venom and its major toxin, TsTX-I, on the complement system in vivo

Bertazzi, Daniela Trinca; Assis-Pandochi, Ana Isabel de; Azzolini, Ana Elisa Caleiro Seixas; Talhaferro, Vinicius Luis; Lazzarini, Márcio; Arantes, Eliane Candiani

doi:10.1016/s0041-0101(02)00391-4

Cited by 52 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Despite the small seasonal variations, the great difference between European and Africanized venoms is not in the quality but rather in the inoculated quantity resulting from massive attacks [16][17][18] . This causes serious envenomations and the development of an acute syndrome characterized by the release of a large quantity of pro-inflammatory mediators, including cytokines, thus causing a sharp inflammatory response that triggers disturbances in the immune system, heart, liver, kidneys, central nervous system, bone marrow, blood vessels, and skeletal muscles, among others [19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32] . As we do not yet have…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Africanized honeybee stings: how to treat them

Almeida

Olivo

Mendes

et al. 2011

Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

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Introduction:In 1956, Africanized honeybees (AHB) migrated from Brazil to other regions of the Western Hemisphere, including South, Central, and North America, except for Canada. Despite being productive, they are highly aggressive and cause fatal accidents. This study aimed to evaluate patients at the Clinical Hospital of Botucatu Medical School (HC-FMB) and to propose treatment guidelines. Methods: From 2005 to 2006, the clinical and laboratorial aspects of 11 patients (7 male and 4 female) and the anatomopathological aspects of one patient who had died in 2003 were analyzed. Results: The age of the surviving patients varied from 5 to 87 years, with a mean of 42.5 years. The majority of accidents occurred in the afternoon, and the number of stings ranged from 20 to 500. The principal signs and symptoms were pain and local inflammatory signs, nausea, tachycardia, and vomiting. Biochemical findings presented increased levels of creatine phosphokinase, lactate dehydrogenase, and aspartate/alanine aminotransferase. An 11-year-old male patient died upon entering the attic of a two-storey building where he was attacked by a swarm, receiving more than 1,000 stings. He was sent to HC-FMB where he was treated, but he died 24h later. Observed at the autopsy were erythematous-purpuric skin lesions besides necrosis at the sting locations, rhabdomyolysis, focal myocardial necrosis, tubular hydropic degeneration and focal tubular acute necrosis of the kidneys, myoglobinuria, and centrolobular necrosis in the liver. Conclusions: Accidents caused by multiple AHB stings always constitute a medical emergency. As there is no specific antivenom, we have developed guidelines, including first aid, drugs, and the proper removal of stingers.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Africanized honeybee stings: how to treat them

Almeida

Olivo

Mendes

et al. 2011

Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

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“…Complement system activation may contribute to tissue damage and pulmonary edema observed during SE (Bertazzi et al 2003(Bertazzi et al , 2005Adi-Bessalem et al 2008). Some products of complement activation have potent biological activity, including the ability to increase vascular permeability and to trigger mast cells to release histamine, resulting in vasodilation, the promotion of chemotaxis of inflammatory cells into the site of injury, and induction of bronchoconstriction.…”

Section: Complement System and Histaminementioning

confidence: 99%

Scorpion Venom Interactions with the Immune System

2013

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Scorpion envenomation (SE) is a common medical problem in many countries; it is an important cause of morbidity and mortality, especially among children. In certain cases scorpion stings lead to multiorgan failure that may be fatal; the manifestations include acute respiratory distress syndrome and systemic inflammatory response syndrome. Neurotoxins are the most active components of the scorpion venom responsible for the toxic effects induced after SE. They induce a massive release of neurotransmitters during stimulation of sympathetic and parasympathetic of the autonomic nervous system. The pathophysiological disturbances caused by scorpion venom are not exclusively assigned to the released neurotransmitters. The activation and release of inflammatory mediators (cytokines, kinins, eicosanoids, reactive oxygen species, and nitric oxide) may also play an important role in the pathophysiology of envenomation after stings and may be responsible for some of the inflammatory manifestations and organ failure. The massive release of these mediators from injured and activated cells promotes the inflammatory response and may be responsible for its exacerbation and its maintenance. The present chapter focuses on the role of inflammatory mediators and on elucidation of the potential mechanisms by which the immune system affects the pathophysiology following SE. Understanding of involved inflammatory cascade in scorpion envenoming syndromes may have future therapeutic and diagnostic benefits.

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“…Esses mediadores estão diretamente relacionados com resposta pró-inflamatória e indução de liberação de outras citocinas (Meki e El-dean, 1998;Fukuhara et al, 2003). A participação de bradicinina, NO e IL-1 foi também constatada experimentalmente por Pessini et al (2006) na indução de febre em ratos inoculados com veneno de T. serrulatus por via intraperitonial, mostrando-se esses mediadores os mais importantes na resposta febril da SEE.…”

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Proteínas do soro sanguíneo de cães inoculados com veneno de Tityus serrulatus

Ribeiro

Melo

2012

Arq. Bras. Med. Vet. Zootec.

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Effect of Tityus serrulatus scorpion venom and its major toxin, TsTX-I, on the complement system in vivo

Cited by 52 publications

References 29 publications

Africanized honeybee stings: how to treat them

Africanized honeybee stings: how to treat them

Scorpion Venom Interactions with the Immune System

Proteínas do soro sanguíneo de cães inoculados com veneno de Tityus serrulatus

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