Effect of TiO2 addition on the chemical durability of Bi2O3–SiO2–ZnO–B2O3 glass system

Bi-doped borosilicate glass as sealant for sodium sulfur battery

“…As has been pointed out in earlier publications, the role of Bi 3+ ion in glasses might be best compared with that of Pb 2+ ion because of their similarity in atomic weight, ionic radius, electronic configuration and stable ions with two 6s electrons in the outermost shell [14,15]. Therefore, Bi 2 O 3 has been employed as candidate material that can replace PbO to develop low temperature sealing glasses [16,17].…”

Vibrational spectral analysis of structural modifications of Cr2O3 containing oxyfluoroborate glasses

“…Chromium ion is widely used as a tool for studying the structure and the local symmetry of glass materials [36]. Zinc borate glasses have been extensively studied over the years to elucidate the nature and the relative concentration of the various borate units constituting the glass network [37][38][39][40]. However, the studies on CaF 2 -ZnO-B 2 O 3 glasses doped with Cr 2 O 3 are not available in the literature.…”

Review of Bi2O3 based glasses for electronics and related applications

“…glass, metals, prefired TFRs; (j) critical for underwater applications 27 or for automotive. 48 (k) needed for acid planting baths.…”

“…1) (iii) encapsulation of semiconductor devices 29,30 (iv) overglazing of automotive, packaging and architectural glass 33,34,[46][47][48] (v) photovoltaic (PV) solar cell technology -conductors and contacts 42,43,[49][50][51][52][53] (vi) enamelling of aluminium in architecture and home appliances 35,[54][55][56][57][58] (vii) thick film (TF) electronics and other devices 21,22,24,25,27,59 on various substrates: 60 glasses for TF resistor (TFR), 61,62 conductor, 63,64 overglaze, dielectric 65 and sealing [15][16][17][18][19] materials (Fig. 1, the section on 'PbO in low melting frits and TF technology'); especially, special low firing compositions for fabrication of circuits and sensors on glass or metals.…”

“…33,47,48 In a way typical of the high volume cost sensitive automotive industry, single window rim dark enamel coating fulfils multiple roles, as illustrated in Fig. 10: antistick agent during forming of the panel, and hiding of the adhesive and its protection against ultraviolet (UV) light.…”