Effect of TiO₂ nano-additive on performance and emission characteristics of direct injection compression ignition engine fueled with Karanja biodiesel blend

Investigation on emission, performance, and combustion distinctiveness of bael seed cake pyrolysis oil/nano biochar/diesel blend fuelled in a compression ignition engine

“…emission. 3,6,7,13,14,17,22 The Nitric oxide level was increasing with increasing load owing to higher cylinder temperature (Zeldovich mechanism). 2 It is noteworthy that, NOx level reduction was observed with the increased dosage level of AMBNs compared to the pure diesel-pyrolysis oil blend.…”

“…However, fossil fuel exhaust emissions have deeply injured both environment and human health. 3,4 The International cancer research institute has reported that fossil fuel exhaust emissions and smoke particles can lead to increase the lung cancer and damages the human brain. 5 Compared to fossil fuel emission, biofuel emits lesser carbon emission, negligible sulfur oxide emission, eco-friendly fuel, no environmental impact, 6 and carbon-neutral fuel, 7 which has received the noteworthy attention toward biofuel research.…”

“…Owed to the exhaust emission, the quality of surrounding air degrades notably. However, fossil fuel exhaust emissions have deeply injured both environment and human health 3,4 . The International cancer research institute has reported that fossil fuel exhaust emissions and smoke particles can lead to increase the lung cancer and damages the human brain 5 .…”

Evaluation of TiO2 Nanoparticles as an Additive in Diesel-n-Butanol - Bombax Ceiba Biodiesel Blends for Enhance Performance and Emissions Control of a CI Engine

“…BTE for B20Bu10+60 ppm blend was increased by 10.73% than B20Bu10 blend with no inclusion of nanoparticles at maximum load. This is mainly because of properties of fuel samples such as higher calorific value, cetane number, and catalytic effect and the surface-area-to-volume ratio of nanoparticles, superior atomization due to the addition of nbutanol, thus decreasing the viscosity of the blends, which results in faster evaporation, thus leading to higher BTE [16][17][18][19][20][21].…”

“…The reduction in BSFC is due to the addition of n-butanol and TiO2 nano particles, which serve as oxygen enhancers,s thus leading to complete combustion and reducing ignition delay period. Nevertheless, finer atomization of fuel particles prevents accumulation, thus improving the combustion rate and reducing BSFC [17][18][19] 9 illustrates the CO emission under different loads for various blends. It is noticed from the graph that CO emissions are increased when the increasing load for all fuel samples increases.…”