Effect of TiO<inf>2</inf> nanoparticles on the performance of a natural ester dielectric fluid

Abstract

Mineral oil has been frequently used in most of high voltage transformers. However, this oil has started to be replaced by vegetable oils. Additionally, different authors have found that mineral oil-based nanofluids have a potential in improving insulating properties of transformer oil. In order to improve the characteristics of a commercial vegetal oil, this work has used TiO2 nanoparticles to obtain a nanofluid whose ageing behavior at 150ºC for 300 hours has been studied.

Breakdown in Nanofluids: A Short Review on Experimental Results and Related Mechanisms

“…The explanation of the authors as to why such an improvement results does not differ from that of other researchers. Added TiO 2 nanoparticles into natural ester fluid (nanoparticle content 0.4 g/l) improved its breakdown voltage, especially after 150 hours of ageing [72]. The authors of [72], however, posed questions as to the long-term stability of such nanofluids.…”

“…Added TiO 2 nanoparticles into natural ester fluid (nanoparticle content 0.4 g/l) improved its breakdown voltage, especially after 150 hours of ageing [72]. The authors of [72], however, posed questions as to the long-term stability of such nanofluids. Some other researchers experimented with soybean ester oil and palm ester oil with TiO 2 and ZnO nanoparticles [73].…”

Impact of adding activated bentonite to thermally aged ester‐based TiO2nanofluids on insulation performance

“…Recently, the use of nanoparticles to improve the insulation performance of natural esters has been the focus of much research [2][3][4][5]. Natural esters have the benefit of increased electrical breakdown voltage and retention of heat transfer property [6].…”

“…Different types of nanoparticles were considered for the study of nanofluids including conductive, semiconductive and insulating nanoparticles [7,8]. Titanium oxide (TiO 2 ) nanoparticles have frequently been used with esters and their positive effect on dielectric properties were demonstrated [2][3][4][5]. For example, such nanoparticle addition was found to result in an increase in the impulse breakdown voltage, which was attributed to a reduction in the streamer velocity due to an increased relaxation time [2].…”

Analysis of Water Solubility in natural-ester based nanodielectric fluids

“…The properties of the NFD depends on the type of base-fluid deployed to produce the liquid (MO, NE or SE), the type of NP added to the base fluid (conducting nanoparticles, semiconducting nanoparticles or insulating nanoparticles), the concentration of NP in the NFD and the water content. Some authors have carried out studies related to dielectric strength of ester-based NFD [137,107,138]. While Charalampakos [137] states that conductive NP tend to raise AC BV Ibrahim [20] points that conductive Fe 2 NiO 4 added to MO reduces AC BV.…”