Effect of time of harvest on the incidence of Fusarium spp. in kernels of silage corn

Xue, Allen; Baoluo, L.; Clear, Randall M.; Vigier, B.

doi:10.7202/013076ar

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Grain maize and silage maize are among the most important animal feed sources worldwide. All plant parts, including maize kernels, the whole plant used as silage, crop residues as well as stalk pieces can be infected by a complex of Fusarium species (Munkvold 2003a; Xue et al. 2005; Pereyra and Dill‐Macky 2008; Dorn et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fusarium species complex and mycotoxins in grain maize from maize hybrid trials and from grower’s fields

Dorn

Forrer

Jenny

et al. 2011

Journal of Applied Microbiology

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Aims: To quantify and to compare the occurrence of Fusarium species in maize kernels and stalk pieces, to analyse mycotoxins in kernels and maize crop residues, to evaluate two approaches to obtain kernel samples and to compare two methods for mycotoxin analyses. Methods and Results: The occurrence of Fusarium species in maize kernels and stalk pieces from a three‐year maize hybrid trial and 12 kernel samples from grower’s fields was assessed. Nine to 16 different Fusarium species were detected in maize kernels and stalks. In kernels, F. graminearum, F. verticillioides and F. proliferatum were the most prevalent species whereas in stalks, they were F. equiseti, F. proliferatum and F. verticillioides. In 2006, 68% of the kernel samples exceeded the recommended limit for pig feed for deoxynivalenol (DON) and 42% for zearalenone (ZON), respectively. Similarly, 75% of the samples from grower’s fields exceeded the limits for DON and 50% for ZON. In maize crop residues, toxin concentrations ranged from 2·6 to 15·3 mg kg−1 for DON and from 0·7 to 7·4 mg kg−1 for ZON. Both approaches to obtain maize kernel samples were valid, and a strong correlation between mycotoxin analysis using ELISA and LC‐MS/MS was found. Conclusions: The contamination of maize kernels, stalk pieces and remaining crop residues with various mycotoxins could pose a risk not only to animal health but also to the environment. With the hand‐picked sample, the entire Fusarium complex can be estimated, whereas combine harvested samples are more representative for the mycotoxin contents in harvested goods. Significance and Impact of the Study: This is the first multi‐year study investigating mycotoxin contamination in maize kernels as well as in crop residues. The results indicate a high need to identify cropping factors influencing the infection of maize by Fusarium species to establish recommendations for growers.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fusarium species complex and mycotoxins in grain maize from maize hybrid trials and from grower’s fields

Dorn

Forrer

Jenny

et al. 2011

Journal of Applied Microbiology

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“…Lauren et al (2007) ont e´galement note´une augmentation du contenu en DON chez le maı¨s lorsque la re´colte e´tait effectue´e tardivement. Dans une culture de maı¨s ensilage, la pre´sence de F. graminearum a e´te´plus importante lorsque la plante passait du stade 75% a`25% du stade laiteux (Xue et al 2005). Langseth et Stabbetorp (1996) ont e´tudie´l'effet de la date de re´colte de l'orge et de l'avoine sur le contenu en DON.…”

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Impact de la date de récolte sur la teneur en désoxynivalénol (DON) des grains et la productivité de l'orge

Pageau¹,

Lajeunesse²,

Savard³

2009

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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“…1 All maize plant parts, including kernels and stalk pieces, are susceptible to infection by several Fusarium species, leading to yield losses and contamination with mycotoxins. [2][3][4][5] These toxic secondary metabolites can cause severe health problems in humans and many farm animals, including dairy cattle, 6 despite the fact that the ruminal flora can degrade several mycotoxins to less toxic substances. 7 Especially high yielding dairy cows with a high feed uptake and rapid ruminal flow are susceptible to gastroenteritis, reduced reproduction and reduced milk production, as a result of mycotoxin contamination.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Maize is one of the most important food and feed crops in the world, with a global annual production of 1080 million metric tons 1 . All maize plant parts, including kernels and stalk pieces, are susceptible to infection by several Fusarium species, leading to yield losses and contamination with mycotoxins 2–5 . These toxic secondary metabolites can cause severe health problems in humans and many farm animals, including dairy cattle, 6 despite the fact that the ruminal flora can degrade several mycotoxins to less toxic substances 7 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Uncovering the biofumigant capacity of allyl isothiocyanate from several Brassicaceae crops against Fusarium pathogens in maize

et al. 2020

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BACKGROUND: Driven by environmental concerns, chemical fumigants are no longer allowed in many countries. Therefore, other strategies for reducing fungal inoculum in soils and on crop debris are being explored. In the present study, several Brassicaceae crops were screened for their potential to control Fusarium gramineaum and Fusarium poae mycelial growth in an in vitro inverted Petri dish experiment. Volatile production was measured using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry headspace analysis. A selection of cultivars from each crop species was further investigated using a pot experiment with maize. RESULTS: Ethiopian mustard (Brassica carinata) and brown mustard (Brassica juncea) released volatile allyl isothiocyanate (AITC) and a higher concentration of AITC was correlated with a better fungal growth reduction in the in vitro screening. Brown mustard cultivar Etamine completely inhibited growth of both Fusarium spp. Pure AITC in a solution with methanol resulted in a sigmoid dose-response curve for both Fusarium spp. tested. Fusarium poae appeared to be more tolerant to AITC than F. graminearum. A pot experiment revealed that the incorporation of brown mustard plant material could alleviate the clear negative effect of F. graminearum infection on maize growth. CONCLUSION: The present study demonstrated the correlation between the fungistatic effect of biofumigation crops on Fusarium spp. and their production of volatile AITC in vitro, without the addition of exogenous enzymes, and confirmed the biofumigation potential of brown mustard in a pot experiment with maize. These results may help farmers when selecting a green manure crop suitable for biofumigation.

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Effect of time of harvest on the incidence of Fusarium spp. in kernels of silage corn

Cited by 6 publications

References 9 publications

Fusarium species complex and mycotoxins in grain maize from maize hybrid trials and from grower’s fields

Fusarium species complex and mycotoxins in grain maize from maize hybrid trials and from grower’s fields

Impact de la date de récolte sur la teneur en désoxynivalénol (DON) des grains et la productivité de l'orge

Uncovering the biofumigant capacity of allyl isothiocyanate from several Brassicaceae crops against Fusarium pathogens in maize

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