Effect of three common SNPs in 5′-flanking region of LEP and ADIPOQ genes on their expression in Polish obese children and adolescents

Abstract

Genes encoding adipokines are considered as candidates for human obesity. In this study we analyzed the expression of leptin (LEP) and adiponectin (ADIPOQ) genes in relation to common 5′-flanking or 5′UTR variants: -2548G>A (LEP), 19A>G (LEP) and -11377C>G (ADIPOQ) in Polish obese children and adolescents. Relative transcription levels in the subcutaneous adipose tissue (real time RT–PCR) and serum protein concentrations (RIA) were measured in 48 obese subjects with known genotypes at three polymorphic sites and in five non-obese controls. None of the studied polymorphisms altered significantly the expression. Significantly elevated relative transcription levels of the LEP gene (P < 0.05) and serum leptin concentrations (P < 0.01) were recorded in obese patients, when compared with the non-obese controls, but such differences were not found for the ADIPOQ gene. Interestingly, the leptin to adiponectin protein concentration ratio (L/A) was approximately sevenfold higher in obese children and adolescents when compared with the non-obese controls (P < 0.001). Taking into consideration the observed relationship between the genotypes and the gene expression level we suggest that these SNPs are not conclusive markers for predisposition to obesity in Polish children and adolescents. On the other hand, we confirmed that the leptin to adiponectin gene expression ratio (L/A) is an informative index characterizing obesity.

Effects of Leptin Gene Variants on Obesity and Its Attributes in Malay Population

“…However, the leptin gene variants did not show any association with obesity. Previous studies also have been unable to detect the association between G2548A and obesity in Polish, Spanish, and Japanese population in which consistent with our data (Cieslak et al 2012;Mizuta et al 2008;Portolés et al 2006). However, the contradicting results were observed in Brazilian, Tunisian, Turkish, Taiwanese and French which G2548A variant was referred as one of the obesity markers (Boumaiza et al 2012;Hinuy et al 2008;Mammès et al 2000;Sahin et al 2013;Wang et al 2006;Zayani et al 2017).…”

The rs2167270 polymorphism of leptin gene is associated with atopic dermatitis

“…In addition, rs7799039 had no significant association with AD, which is consistent with a study done in 2012 that failed to find an association between rs7799039 and leptin gene expression in both the mRNA and protein serum levels. 17 This SNP was also negatively associated with other inflammatory disease such as psoriasis. 18 and Behcet's disease.…”

ADIPOQ polymorphisms are associated with changes in obesityrelated traits in response to aerobic training programme in women

“…On the other hand, the G allele was associated with various detrimental conditions, including lower adiponectin levels, risk for developing hypertension, and, in some cases, risk for developing colorectal cancer [ 19 , 20 , 21 ]. In other studies none of the associations between rs266729 and various risk factors were described [ 34 , 35 ]. Our study also did not completely explain the role of each allele on maintaining proper body mass measurements.…”

“…Additionally, the existing results obtained during studies of homogeneity Polish population are also inconsistent. In a study performed on obese children, adolescents and non-obese adults, Cieslak et al [ 34 , 35 ] found no consistent evidence for association between obesity and rs266729. By contrast, among five analyzed polymorphisms in a group of 101 obese and 67 normal-weight children, Gajewska et al [ 37 ] established that only rs266729 were associated with a higher risk of obesity during the prepubertal period.…”