Effect of thioperamide on oxidative stress markers in middle cerebral artery occlusion model of focal cerebral ischemia in rats

Abstract

<jats:p> In view of the recent evidence for the involvement of histamine in cerebral ischemia, the present study evaluated the effect of thioperamide (THP), a selective histamine H<jats:sub>3</jats:sub>-receptor antagonist, on middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) induced focal cerebral ischemia in rats. The rats were subjected to 2 h of MCAO followed by 22 h reperfusion after which the grip strength, locomotor activity and spontaneous alternation performance were assessed. Animals were then killed and oxidative stress markers were estimated in the whole brain. An elevation of thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) and a reduction in glutathione (GSH) and antioxidant enzymes, such as glutathione-S-transferase (GST), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), was observed following MCAO, the last two being statistically insignificant. Pretreatment with THP (5.5 mg/kg i.p. and 11 mg/kg i.p.) significantly reversed the MCAO-induced increase in TBARS, but could not reverse the other parameters. Paradoxically, it further reduced the levels of GPx, GR and SOD. No significant changes were observed in the catalase levels and in the grip strength and spontaneous alternation behavior of rats. Locomotor activity was reduced slightly, but reversed on pretreatment with THP. The dual effect of THP on oxidative stress requires further investigation and raises doubts on its possible use in cerebral ischemia. </jats:p>

Neuroprotective study ofNigella sativa-loaded oral provesicular lipid formulation:in vitroandex vivostudy

“…Pretreatment of NS6 showed improvement in grip strength when compared with MCAO rats (p50.001) ( Table 4). Our findings were in agreement with already reported observations and results (Abdulhakeem et al, 2006;Akhtar et al, 2008Akhtar et al, , 2012Akhtar et al, , 2013Pratap et al, 2011).…”

RETRACTED ARTICLE: The effect of safranal loaded mucoadhesive nanoemulsion on oxidative stress markers in cerebral ischemia

“…inhibiting free radicals and ROS-mediated reactions as well as the rescue of neurons from reperfusioninduced neuronal loss (Ahmad et al 2013, 2016, Akhtar et al 2008, Badary et al 2003, Iida et al 1999. Safranal, a lipophilic drug with monoterpene aldehyde chemical structure, isolated from Crocus sativus has been reported as a potent source for treating cerebral ischemia due to antioxidant properties.…”

Effect of Combined Treatment With Curcumin and Candesartan on Ischemic Brain Damage in Mice

“…39 Elevated TBARS and reduced GSH and antioxidant enzyme activity after MCAO have been reported previously. 40 Superoxide radicals play a significant role in brain ischemia-reperfusion injury. 41 Superoxide formation is a major factor in oxygen toxicity, against which SOD provides an essential defense.…”