Effect of thermo-chemical pretreatment on the saccharification and enzymatic digestibility of olive mill stones and their bioconversion towards alcohols

A Comparative Study of Various Pretreatment Approaches for Bio-Ethanol Production from Willow Sawdust, Using Co-Cultures and Mono-Cultures of Different Yeast Strains

“…Saccharification degree = Reducing sugars (g/100g TS) Soluble carbohydrates (g/100g TS) (5) using the concentration of soluble carbohydrates and reducing sugars released due to pretreatment. The saccharification efficiency due to solubilization of hollocellulose (cellulose and hemicellulose) contained in WS due to different pretreatment methods was estimated using Equation (6): Saccharification efficiency = Soluble sugars (g/100gTS) Initial hollocellulose of WS (g/100gTS) (6) where the amount of soluble sugars is estimated as the concentration of soluble carbohydrates in the pretreated WS slurries (g/100 g TS), and the initial holocellulose of WS is the sum of cellulose and hemicellulose before pretreatment (g/100 g TS).…”

“…In this context, recent progress in the energy sector has focused on the technological conversion of lignocellulosic biomass toward biofuels, including bioethanol [3]. The valorization of agricultural wastes [4][5][6], forestry residues [1,7] and weedy biomass [8] toward second generation bioethanol production [9] has attracted significant attention during the previous decades, aiming to provide a sustainable solution for the reduction of energy dependence on fossil-based fuels, without being antagonistic to food/feed resources and the environmental problems associated with the reliance on them [10].…”

“…Generally, although Saccharomyces cerevisiae remains the world's most exploited yeast for alcoholic fermentation, its wild strains are incapable of metabolizing the pentose sugars (i.e., xylose and arabinose) that are released during hydrolysis of hemicelluloses [6]. Such sugars can also be fermented to ethanol by other yeast genera, namely C5 strains, with Pichia [34], Candida [35] and Pachysolen [36] being proposed as the most promising for bioethanol production from various lignocellulosic feedstocks, either in mono-culture, or in co-culture with conventional strains.…”

Sustainable Second-Generation Bioethanol Production from Enzymatically Hydrolyzed Domestic Food Waste Using Pichia anomala as Biocatalyst

“…Unlike other types of biomass, such as agricultural and forestry residues, prunings, olive mill wastes, etc. that have been used for bioethanol production [16][17][18][19][20] and other biofuels [21][22][23][24][25], DFW does not require any extensive thermal, chemical, or thermochemical pretreatment step to facilitate its subsequent bioconversion from microorganisms. This is due to its high content in readily bioconvertible compounds and nutrients that make DFW an easily fermentable substrate by various microorganisms, especially when fermentation is facilitated by enzymatic hydrolysis.…”