Effect of thermal heating on some lignans in flax seeds, sesame seeds and rye

Phytoestrogens in foods on the Nordic market

“…The little data available comparing the lignan levels in raw and cooked fruits and berries indicate very small differences and it appears that the constituents are not degraded by heat. This argument concurs to some extent with what Gerstenmeyer et al (2013) showed in their study on thermal degradation of lignans. Heating dry foods, flax seeds, rye, and sesame seeds at 100 °C did not degrade the tested lignans, but the lignans were found to degrade when the samples had high moisture content.…”

Stability of bioactives in flaxseed and flaxseed-fortified foods

“…SDG content varies with flaxseed cultivar (Spence, Thornton, Muir, and Westcott, 2003), growing region and year (Westcott and Muir, 1996). Other lignans in flaxseed include matairesinol, lariciresinol, isolariciresinol and pinoresinol, but are represented to a much lower extent (Gerstenmeyer, Reimer, Berghofer, Schwartz, and Sontag, 2013;Meagher, Beecher, Flanagan, and Li, 1999; L. U. Thompson, Boucher, Liu, Cotterchio, and Kreiger, 2006).…”

“…Flaxseed contains 1099 mg SDG/100 g flaxseed (Gerstenmeyer et al, 2013). The next highest food source of SDG is asparagus and is 180 fold-less (Penalvo, Haajanen, Botting, and Adlercreutz, 2005).…”

“…The next highest food source of SDG is asparagus and is 180 fold-less (Penalvo, Haajanen, Botting, and Adlercreutz, 2005). Secoisolariciresinol (SECO), the aglycone of SDG, comprises 375 to 485 mg/100 g of flaxseed (Gerstenmeyer et al, 2013;Thompson et al, 2006). Matairesinol (0.2 mg/100 g), pinoresinol (0.7 to 24.8 mg/100 g), lariciresinol (2.8 to 3.3 mg/100 g) and isolariciresinol (10.2 mg/100 g) are also lignans found in flaxseed (Fig.…”

“…Matairesinol (0.2 mg/100 g), pinoresinol (0.7 to 24.8 mg/100 g), lariciresinol (2.8 to 3.3 mg/100 g) and isolariciresinol (10.2 mg/100 g) are also lignans found in flaxseed (Fig. 3), yet their presence is minimal compared to SECO (Gerstenmeyer et al, 2013;Thompson et al, 2006). SDG consumed orally is not bioavailable in plasma or urine (Setchell et al, 2014).…”