Effect of Thermal Annealing on the Structure, Morphology, and Electrical Properties of Mo Bottom Electrodes for Solar Cell Applications

A study on composition, structure and optical properties of copper-poor CIGS thin film deposited by sequential sputtering of CuGa/In and In/(CuGa+In) precursors

“…It is followed by scrubbing with iso-propanol, dried with N 2 gas and immediately introduced into the vacuum chamber. Mo layer as a back contact was deposited by DC magnetron sputtering in Ar ambient onto the SLG substrate [20]. Multi-layer CIG precursors of In/(CuGaþIn) and CuGa/In were deposited by sequential sputtering of CuGa (80:20) alloy and elemental In targets onto the Mo-coated SLG.…”

Sliding friction and wear behaviour of Titanium-Zirconium-Molybdenum (TZM) alloy against Al2O3 and Si3N4 balls under several environments and temperatures

“…In the meantime, some flaky pieces of TZM were transferred to the surface of the counterpart ball (Point 5 in Figure 3c) as schematically shown in Figure 14a. This is because molybdenum is well known for its adhesive character as it has a strong bond to glasses, polymers, ceramics and other materials [11,12]. For example, molybdenum has been added into Al 2 O 3 ceramic as a binding phase or forming a laminate structure to improve the fracture toughness of the ceramics used in cutting tools [13,14], solar selective absorbing coatings [15] and catalysts [16] etc.…”

Effects of annealing temperature on structural and electrical properties of indium oxide thin films prepared by thermal evaporation

“…It was observed that, as the annealing temperature increased from 350°C to 550°C, the FWHM value exhibited a tendency to decrease. The summary of XRD data and calculated structural parameters [13][14][15] of In 2 O 3 film are presented in Table 1. The decreasing trend of FWHM values implied that the crystallinity of the In 2 O 3 thin films was improved as the annealing temperature was increased.…”