Effect of the Xenograft Transplantation of Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells on Anxiety and Memory in Trimethyltin Induced-Alzheimer Disease Model

Abstract

Background and Objectives: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease and the most common cause of dementia. The characteristics of this disease are amnesia, cognitive and verbal disorders, memory deficit, paranoia, depression, and anxiety. In this study, the alterations of cognitive-behavioral and nuclear factor kappa (NF-κ) factor, were investigated following the xenogenic transplantation of human dental pulp of stem cells on the AD animal model. Methods: In this experimental study, 18 male Wistar rats (weighing 200±20g), were used. The animals were randomly divided into three groups of 6 each: control (without any treatment), sham (TMT+PBS), and experimental (TMT+DPSCs). The experimental and sham groups received trimethyltin (TMT) intraperitoneally (dose, 8mg/kg bw). Then, the anxiety level, working and spatial memory, were assessed with Elevated Plus and Y Maze tests. Also, the level of NF-κ was assessed using ELISA method. Results: Intraperitoneal administration of TMT caused a significant increase (p<0.05) in the time spent in closed arm of the elevated plus maze and a significant decrease in the alteration behavior and spatial memory in the sham group compared to the control group. On the other hand, following stem cell transplantation, a significant decrease was observed in the anxiety level and working and spatial memory in the experimental group compared to the sham group. Also, the NF-κ level significantly increased in the sham group in comparison with the control and experimental groups (p<0.05). Conclusion: Xenogenic transplantation of the human dental pulp stem cells has an improvement effect on the symptoms of AD. Thus, transplantation of this stem cells line is promising for the treatment of cognitive and psychological diseases.

Originating at Teeth to Tranquility: The Application of Dental Stem Cells in the Treatment of Emotional Disturbance

“…Animal models in Rats have shown positive outcomes in alleviating anxiety-like behaviors in Alzheimer's disease following DPSC transplantation. This raises the tantalizing possibility of harnessing these readily available cells to treat human psychological and mood disorders 8 . Several studies suggest that DPSCs may hold promise for neurological repair in conditions like Parkinson's and Alzheimer's disease 8,9 .…”

“…This raises the tantalizing possibility of harnessing these readily available cells to treat human psychological and mood disorders 8 . Several studies suggest that DPSCs may hold promise for neurological repair in conditions like Parkinson's and Alzheimer's disease 8,9 . Thus, transplantation of this stem cell line seems promising for treating cognitive and psychological diseases.…”

Porphyromonas gingivalis, neuroinflammation and Alzheimer’s disease

“…Recently, studies investigated the possible relationship between periodontitis and the initiation or/and progression of AD (Liccardo et al, 2020). Also, in recent years, researchers have been investigating the way to modify the moiety of chemical drugs with compatible substances like herbal drugs, nanomedicine and stem cells for AD therapy (Malekzadeh et al, 2017(Malekzadeh et al, ,2019(Malekzadeh et al, , 2021.…”