Effect of the three <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i> strains on apoptosis in <scp>MC</scp>3T3 cells

Li, Yang; Tong, Zhongchun; Ling, Junqi

doi:10.1111/odi.12883

Cited by 10 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 33 publications

(39 reference statements)

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“…Endodontic research community has been mostly concerned with microbiology, histopathology, diagnosis and treatment of AP (de Miranda & Colombo, ; Kruse, Spin‐Neto, Reibel, Wenzel, & Kirkevang, ; Kudo et al, ; Li, Tong, & Ling, ; Ricucci, Loghin, Gonçalves, Rôças, & Siqueira, ). Yet, understanding the aetiology of disease requires other information than that related to biological mechanism in the individual.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Socio‐economic and health status as a predictor of apical periodontitis in adult patients in Croatia

et al. 2018

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Objective A few studies focused on determinants of apical periodontitis other than technical or biological factors. This research aimed to investigate to what extent socio‐economic and health status can predict apical periodontitis in adult patients. Subjects and Methods The cross‐sectional study included 599 adult patients. Medical history, health habits and socio‐economic status of each participant were recorded using a self‐administered structured questionnaire. For caries detection, the World Health Organization diagnostic thresholds were used, and oral hygiene level was estimated using plaque index. Periapical index system was used to analyse the periapical status of all teeth. Dental, socio‐economic and health‐related variables were tested against dependent variable (periapical disease ratio) in a multiple linear regression analysis. Results Dental independent variables explained 71.7% of the observed variation in periapical disease ratio (R2 = 0.717; p < 0.001). Periapical disease ratio increased with the increase in number of carious teeth, plaque index and number of root‐filled teeth, but also with decrease in number of coronal fillings (all p < 0.001). Socio‐economic and health‐related variables accounted for lower portion of variability, 15.5% and 12.9%, respectively (both p < 0.001). Conclusions Dental variables are more important predictors of periapical status than socio‐economic and health‐related variables.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Socio‐economic and health status as a predictor of apical periodontitis in adult patients in Croatia

et al. 2018

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“…Hence, it is crucial to examine the role of E. faecalis on osteoblast apoptosis in PAP. Our previous study found that E. faecalis strains from the root canals of teeth with PAP trigger apoptosis in mouse MC3TE-E1 and human MG63 cell lines [10,12]. However, the effect of E. faecalis on apoptosis in human primary osteoblasts and its mechanisms remain unclear.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The detection of E. faecalis in infected root canals has been associated with the occurrence of periapical lesions larger than 3 mm, indicating the role of E. faecalis in PAP and endodontic treatment failure [9]. Recent studies have found that E. faecalis induces apoptosis in mouse osteoblast-like MC3T3 cells and human osteosarcoma MG63 cells [10][11][12]. However, there may be a difference between the effect of E. faecalis infection in primary osteoblasts and osteoblast-like cells from different origins [10,13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent studies have found that E. faecalis induces apoptosis in mouse osteoblast-like MC3T3 cells and human osteosarcoma MG63 cells [10][11][12]. However, there may be a difference between the effect of E. faecalis infection in primary osteoblasts and osteoblast-like cells from different origins [10,13]. The apoptosis-inducing effect of E. faecalis and its mechanisms in human primary osteoblasts remain elusive.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Enterococcus faecalis OG1RF on human calvarial osteoblast apoptosis

Sun

Wen

et al. 2022

BMC Oral Health

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Background Enterococcus faecalis is a dominant pathogen in the root canals of teeth with persistent apical periodontitis (PAP), and osteoblast apoptosis contributes to imbalanced bone remodelling in PAP. Here, we investigated the effect of E. faecalis OG1RF on apoptosis in primary human calvarial osteoblasts. Specifically, the expression of apoptosis-related genes and the role of anti-apoptotic and pro-apoptotic members of the BCL-2 family were examined. Methods Primary human calvarial osteoblasts were incubated with E. faecalis OG1RF at multiplicities of infection corresponding to infection time points. Flow cytometry, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labelling (TUNEL) assay, caspase-3/-8/-9 activity assay, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) array, and quantitative real-time PCR were used to assess osteoblast apoptosis. Results E. faecalis infection increased the number of early- and late-phase apoptotic cells and TUNEL-positive cells, decreased the mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), and activated the caspase-3/-8/-9 pathway. Moreover, of all 84 apoptosis-related genes in the PCR array, the expression of 16 genes was upregulated and that of four genes was downregulated in the infected osteoblasts. Notably, the mRNA expression of anti-apoptotic BCL2 was downregulated, whereas that of the pro-apoptotic BCL2L11, HRK, BIK, BMF, NOXA, and BECN1 and anti-apoptotic BCL2A1 was upregulated. Conclusions E. faecalis OG1RF infection triggered apoptosis in human calvarial osteoblasts, and BCL-2 family members acted as regulators of osteoblast apoptosis. Therefore, BCL-2 family members may act as potential therapeutic targets for persistent apical periodontitis.

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“…2013, Li et al . 2018). Consistent with the above studies, this study also found that live E. faecalis displayed a remarkable reduction of MG63 cell viability in a MOI dose‐ and infection time‐dependent manner.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enterococcus faecalis induces necroptosis in human osteoblastic MG63 cells through the RIPK3 / MLKL signalling pathway

et al. 2020

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AimTo explore the activation of necroptosis triggered by Enterococcus faecalis in human osteoblastic MG63 cells and provide new insights into the pathogenesis of refractory apical periodontitis.MethodologyThe viability of MG63 cells exposed to live E. faecalis was investigated using the cell counting kit‐8 assay. The relative expressions of specific markers for necroptosis, namely p‐RIPK3 and p‐MLKL, were determined by western blotting. Cells pretreated with necrosulfonamide and GSK’872, which are specific inhibitors for MLKL and RIPK3, respectively, were then subjected to lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) cytotoxicity assay, flow cytometry analysis and Hoechst 33342/PI double fluorescence staining. Lentiviral‐delivered short hairpin RNA (shRNA) targeting MLKL was employed to further confirm the activation of necroptosis in MG63 cells infected with E. faecalis. Transmission electron microscopy was additionally used to observe the morphological characteristics. Statistical analysis was conducted using Student’s t‐tests or one‐way ANOVA followed by the Student–Newman–Keuls test.ResultsThe infection with E. faecalis significantly inhibited the viability of MG63 cells in a multiplicity of infection‐ and infection time‐dependent manners (P < 0.05). In line with this, the expression levels of necroptosis‐related markers, p‐RIPK3 and p‐MLKL, were significantly increased postinfection (P < 0.05). Significant reductions in death rate were detected in the case of E. faecalis‐infected MG63 cells following pretreatment with the inhibitors of RIPK3 and MLKL (P < 0.01). Furthermore, silencing of MLKL by shRNA significantly decreased LDH release (P < 0.01) and resulted in less mitochondrial swelling and vacuole‐like changes, as well as reduced endoplasmic reticulum expansion.ConclusionsEnterococcus faecalis infection‐induced necroptosis of MG63 cells via the RIPK3/MLKL signalling pathway, which may exert a negative influence on the healing process of refractory apical periodontitis. This study may offer novel insights into the pathogenesis and potential therapeutic targets of refractory apical periodontitis.

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Effect of the three Enterococcus faecalis strains on apoptosis in MC3T3 cells

Abstract: Together, the clinically isolated strains of E. faecalis can induce apoptosis in MC3T3 osteoblasts, which may be attributed to the regulation of interaction between members of the Bcl-2 family.

Cited by 10 publications

References 33 publications

Socio‐economic and health status as a predictor of apical periodontitis in adult patients in Croatia

Socio‐economic and health status as a predictor of apical periodontitis in adult patients in Croatia

Effect of Enterococcus faecalis OG1RF on human calvarial osteoblast apoptosis

Enterococcus faecalis induces necroptosis in human osteoblastic MG63 cells through the RIPK3 / MLKL signalling pathway

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