Effect of the shouldering angle on the shape of the solid–liquid interface and temperature fields in sillenite-type crystals growth

Global analysis of heat transfer considering three-dimensional unsteady melt flow in CZ crystal growth of oxide

“…Recently, numerical simulations, particularly the global analysis of heat transfer, to which many contributions have been made by Derby et al [5,6], Tsukada et al [7][8][9][10][11] and other researchers [12][13][14], have been widely used in investigating the mechanism of flow and heat transfer in the CZ furnace used for oxide crystal growth. The global model can predict melt convection, the temperature distributions in the entire furnace, the shapes of melt/ crystal and melt/gas interfaces, and heating power or crystal pulling rate when the furnace geometry and process conditions are given.…”

A global analysis of heat transfer in the CZ crystal growth of oxide: Recent developments in the model

“…In the global model, we can predict the flow patterns in the melt, temperature distributions in the furnace, the shapes of melt/crystal and melt/gas interfaces, and heater power or crystal pulling rate for given geometrical conditions such as the size of the crucible, the diameter and length of the crystal, operating conditions such as the rotation rate of the crystal, the volume of the melt, the temperature of the furnace walls, and the thermophysical properties of the materials. Therefore, using global models, the relationship between melt convection and interface inversion has been investigated numerically in many previous studies; moreover, when semitransparent oxide crystals were considered, the effect of radiative heat transfer in such crystals on the crystal growth behavior has been taken into account in the global models [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14].…”

Czochralski Growth of ${\rm Ce}^{3+}$-Doped ${\rm Li}_{6}{\rm Gd}({\rm BO}_{3})_{3}$ Single Crystals

“…The first one is to control the crystal diameter no bigger than the , and the second one is to enlarge the by increasing the radial temperature gradient. The shouldering angle has great relation to the SLI shape [10]. So we can adjust the SLI shape through controlling the shouldering angle.…”