Effect of the proportion of Species on the Yield and Quality of Forage Mixtures, and on the Yield of Barley in the Following Year

Abstract

S U M M A R YMixtures of legumes and cereals in various proportions (seed ratios) were evaluated in Northern Syria for forage production and quality and for yield of barley grain in the following year. Both a vetch-cereal and pea-cereal mix were tested in proportions of 0:100, 33:66, 50:50, 66:33 and 100:0. The study was carried out between 1982 and 1985, covering two seasons for forage production and two for grain production. Dry matter yields of the mixtures exceeded the yield of either one or both components of the mixture grown as pure stands, depending on the rainfall. The maximum overall yield and quality of forage was recorded for the 66:33 legumecereal combination. The greatest benefit to subsequent barley grain yield was realized when the legume was grown in a pure stand or formed a high proportion (66:33) of the mixture. Herbage quality was better in forages containing vetch than in those containing pea. R E S U M E N -S U M A R I OSe evaluaron, en Siria del Norte, mezclas de legumbres y cereales en varias proporciones (tasas de semillas) para produccion de forraje asi como calidad y rendimiento de grano de cebada en el ano siguiente. Se experimento con una mezcla de cereal de chi'charo con cereal de alverja en proporciones de 0:100, 33:66, 50:50, 66:33 y 100:0. El estudio se llevo a cabo entre los anos 1982 y 1985, cubriendo dos estaciones para produccion de forraje y dos estaciones para produccion de granos. Dependiendo de la cantidad de lluvia cai'da, el rendimiento de materia seca de las mezclas excedio el rendimiento, ya sea de uno o de los dos componentes de la mezcla cuando fueron cultivados individualmente. En su conjunto el maximo rendimiento y calidad de forraje se registro en la combination legumbre-cereal en la proportion 66:33. El mayor beneficio para el rendimiento de grano de cebada subsiguiente, se produjo cuando la legumbre se cultivo en forma individual o cuando constitui'a una alta proporcion de la mezcla (66:33). La calidad del herbaje fue mejor en forrajes que conteni'an alverjas que en aquellos que contenian chicharos.

Productivity and nutrient use efficiency with integrated fertilization of buckwheat–fenugreek intercrops

“…Salehi et al (2016) reported that the highest seed yield of fenugreek and buckwheat was found with fenugreek: buckwheat (2:1) intercropped with organic manure. Similar to our results, Osman and Nersoyan (1986) found that the highest dry matter yields in cereal-common vetch intercrops for forage production were related to a high share of the legume partner. A higher AGDM at the flowering stage and higher seed yields with both IF and BL compared with mineral fertilizer could be the result of several factors, such as the effect of broiler litter supplying more nutrients over the growing season for plant growth and seed filling.…”

Oat and Oat-Vetch as Rainfed Fodder-Cover Crops in Semiarid Environments: Effects of Fertilization and Harvest Time on Forage Yield and Quality

“…Comparable results were found by Assefa and Ledin (2001) and Tuna and Orak (2007), who used the same oat: vetch ratio. Nevertheless, in the second year of the experiment, despite the lower oat:vetch ratio the oat-vetch mixture outyielded the monocrop of oat, which contradicts most other studies (Droushiotis 1989;Caballero, Goicoechea, et al 1995;Lithourgidis et al 2006) where oat monocultures had a significant advantage over oat-vetch mixtures, but agrees with Osman and Nersoyan (1986). In 2006, mineral fertilizer gave 8.7% higher forage yield than the organic fertilizer, while in 2007, organic fertilizer resulted in a yield that was 9% higher than that of mineral fertilizer, although no significant differences were detected.…”

“…Forage yield and quality of mixtures depends on the species composition and/or proportion and the phenology at harvesting time (Droushiotis 1985;Roberts et al 1989). Overyielding in mixtures of cereals and legumes may occur when competition between species is lower than between members of the same species (Osman and Nersoyan 1986;Caballero, Goicoechea, et al 1995). Both yield and quality determine the number of livestock a specific crop can support, that is, its carrying capacity.…”

Hay quality evaluation of summer grass and legume forage monocultures and mixtures grown under irrigated conditions

“…Meanwhile, grasses and legumes are considered as important forage crops because of their nutritional value, especially protein content in legumes and crude fiber in grasses (Rakeih et al, 2008). However, monocultures of legumes or grasses do not provide satisfactory results for forage production and nutritive value (Osman and Nersoyan, 1986). Thus, mixing legume forages with grass forages can be an effective way to improve forage quality and nutritive value of the end product (Ross et al, 2004;Lithourgidis et al, 2006).…”