Effect of the Preparation Method on the Properties of Eugenol-Doped Titanium Dioxide (TiO2) Sol-Gel Coating on Titanium (Ti) Substrates

Abstract

The focus of this study was the preparation of sol–gel titanium dioxide (TiO2) coatings, by the dip-coating technique, on Ti6Al4V (TiGr5) and specific Ti implant substrates. In order to confer antibacterial properties to the layers, Eugenol was introduced in the coatings in two separate ways: firstly by introducing the Eugenol in the sol (Eug–TiO2), and secondly by impregnating into the already deposed TiO2 coating (TiO2/Eug). Optimization of Eugenol concentration as well as long term were performed in orderboth short- and long-term Eugenol concentration was performed to investigate the prepared samples thoroughly. The samples were investigated by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and potentiodynamic polarization curves (PDP). To investigate their resistance against Gram-negative Escherichia coli bacteria, microbiological analysis was performed on coatings prepared on glass substrates. Structural studies (FT-IR analysis, Raman spectroscopy) were performed to confirm Eugenol–TiO2 interactions. Coating thicknesses and adhesion were also determined for all samples. The results show that Eug–TiO2 presented with improved anticorrosive effects and significant antibacterial properties, compared to the other investigated samples.

Correlations between the anti-corrosion properties and the photocatalytic behavior of epoxy coatings incorporating modified graphene oxide deposited on a zinc substrate

“…adhesion strength before photocatalysis À adhesion strength after photocatalysis adhesion strength before photocatalysis  100 (9)…”

“…One of the efficient ways to avoid the oxidation of metals due to aggressive environmental effects is through coatings application on their surface. In the past few decades, a continuously increased interest has been observed in the preparation of sophisticated eco-friendly anti-corrosion coatings to substitute highly toxic chromate treatments 1,2 with intensified interest for silica, 3–7 titania, 8,9 biopolymers 10–12 and organic-based protective layers. 13 Among these, epoxy is a widespread polymer matrix for the protection of metal surfaces, due to its good physical barrier effect.…”

On the antimicrobial properties and endurance of eugenol and 2-phenylphenol functionalized sol-gel coatings

“…Although the incorporation of eugenol in different hybrid matrix had been previously studied [ [28] , [29] , [30] , [31] , [32] , [33] ], to the best of the authors knowledge, neither its combination as a biocide and a chelating agent nor the combination of eugenol and OPP into sol-gel coatings had not been previously explored. In addition to the intrinsic coating properties, the antimicrobial and non-toxic properties of the coatings have been evaluated with positive results, against both bacteria, Gram-positive ( Staphylococcus aureus ) and Gram-negative ( Escherichia coli ), and viruses.…”

On the Antimicrobial Properties and Endurance of Eugenol and 2-Phenylphenol Functionalized Sol-Gel Coatings

“…Although the incorporation of eugenol in different hybrid matrix had been previously studied [28][29][30][31][32][33], to the best of the authors knowledge, neither its combination as a biocide and a chelating agent nor the combination of eugenol and OPP into sol-gel coatings had not been previously explored. In addition to the intrinsic coating properties, the antimicrobial and non-toxic properties of the coatings have been evaluated with positive results, against both bacteria, Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative (Escherichia coli), and viruses.…”