Effect of the position of the visible sky in determining the sky view factor on micrometeorological and human thermal comfort conditions in urban street canyons

Qaid, Adeb; Lamit, Hasanuddin; Ossen, Dilshan Remaz; Rasidi, Mohd Hisyam

doi:10.1007/s00704-016-2023-3

Cited by 28 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…The urban thermal environment is predominantly related to the properties of streets to provide an engaging environment that assures comfort and enjoyment (Ginner et al 2015;Lee and Mayer 2018). Street geometry, such as street direction, building height-to-width ratios, sky view factor can essentially shape the urban thermal environment (Chatzidimitriou and Yannas 2017;Sharmin et al 2017;Qaid et al 2018). Street trees provide important shading in hot summers, decrease direct sunlight on people and buildings along streets, and reduce energy for cooling (Lee and Mayer 2018;Qaid et al 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of urban street trees on human thermal comfort and physiological indices: a case study in Changchun city, China

Ren

Zhao

et al. 2021

J. For. Res.

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Planting trees along urban streets is one of the most important strategies to improve the urban thermal environment. However, the net impacts of urban street trees on human thermal comfort and physiological parameters are still less clear. On three similar east–west orientated streets with different degrees of tree cover—low (13%), medium (35%), and high (75%), urban microclimatic parameters and human physiological indices for six male students were simultaneously measured on three cloudless days in summer 2018. The results show that the differences in tree cover were predominant in influencing urban thermal environment and comfort. The street with the highest tree cover had significantly lower physiological equivalent temperature (PET) and more comfortable than the other two streets. The frequency of strong heat stress (PET > 35 °C) was 64%, 11%, and 0%, respectively, for streets with low, medium, and high tree cover. For the six male university students, human physiological indices varied greatly across the three streets with different tree cover. Systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and pulse rate increased with decreasing tree cover. The results also suggest that urban thermal environment and comfort had considerable impact on human physiological parameters. Our study provides reasons for urban planners to plant trees along streets to improve the thermal environment and promote urban sustainability.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of urban street trees on human thermal comfort and physiological indices: a case study in Changchun city, China

Ren

Zhao

et al. 2021

J. For. Res.

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“…Morphological parameters related to urban roughness and the sky-view factor can also be the reasons for an increase of UHIs. The former can provoke a reduction of the wind speed and the latter can limit the release of heat at night [14]. However, urban density associated with very tall buildings can also have a cooling effect because of their projected shadow, which helps to minimize increases in the intensity of the early night-time UHI [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Solutions must be found through urban-planning policies by implementing sustainable adaptation strategies, such as those recommended by the European Climate Adaptation Platform, in particular by increasing green and shaded areas [15] in order to improve the thermal comfort of the inhabitants [8,14,32]. Solutions should begin with a better understanding of UHIs, and an assessment of the effect of urban development and temperature renewal.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Effect of Urban Redevelopment on Surface Urban Heat Islands

et al. 2019

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Climate change is a global challenge with multiple consequences. One of its impacts is the increase in heatwave frequency and intensity. The risk is higher for populations living in urban areas, where the highest temperatures are generally identified, due to the urban heat island effect. This phenomenon has recently been taken into account by local elected officials. As a result, developers have decided to use solutions in redevelopment projects to combat high temperatures in urban areas. Consequently, the objective is to study the land-surface temperature evolution of six main urban redevelopments in Lyon, France, from 2000 to 2017. Three of them (the Confluence, Kaplan, and Museum sites) were composed of industrial areas that have undergone major transformations and are now tertiary or residential areas. Two sites have been more lightly transformed, particularly by increasing vegetation to reduce heat stress and urban flooding (Dock and Garibaldi Street). Finally, the Groupama Stadium has been built into agricultural and wooded areas. Changes in vegetation cover (NDVI), water (MNDWI), and moisture (NDMI) content, built areas (NDBI) and bare soil (NDBaI) are also monitored. The results show that the Confluence and Kaplan sites were accompanied by a decrease in surface temperature and an increase in vegetation and moisture, whereas the Groupama Stadium displayed a rise in surface temperature and a decrease in vegetation. On the other hand, the Museum, Dock, and Garibaldi sites did not exhibit clear and uniform trends, although an increase in surface temperature was shown in some statistical tests. The disparity of the results shows the necessity to include a significant amount of vegetation during redevelopment operations in order to reduce heat stress.

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“…These two areas with high errors in air temperature modelling have particular spatial configurations, which may explain these important differences. The first area is a dense urban space, where other prediction variables must be included, such as the sky view factor [57][58][59] or anthropogenic heat [60]. The second is a mountain area where the Alpine arc acts in response to particular climatic variations.…”

Section: Characterization Of Error Location and Intensitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrating Satellite-Derived Data as Spatial Predictors in Multiple Regression Models to Enhance the Knowledge of Air Temperature Patterns

Alonso

Renard

2019

Urban Science

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With the phenomenon of urban heat island and thermal discomfort felt in urban areas, exacerbated by climate change, it is necessary to best estimate the air temperature in every part of an area, especially in the context of the on-going rationalization weather stations network. In addition, the comprehension of air temperature patterns is essential for multiple applications in the fields of agriculture, hydrology, land development or public health. Thus, this study proposes to estimate the air temperature from 28 explanatory variables, using multiple linear regressions. The innovation of this study is to integrate variables from remote sensing into the model in addition to the variables traditionally used like the ones from the Land Use Land Cover. The contribution of spectral indices is significant and makes it possible to improve the quality of the prediction model. However, modeling errors are still present. Their locations and magnitudes are analyzed. However, although the results provided by modelling are of good quality in most cases, particularly thanks to the introduction of explanatory variables from remote sensing, this can never replace dense networks of ground-based measurements. Nevertheless, the methodology presented, applicable to any territory and not requiring specific computer resources, can be highly useful in many fields, particularly for urban planners.

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Effect of the position of the visible sky in determining the sky view factor on micrometeorological and human thermal comfort conditions in urban street canyons

Cited by 28 publications

References 52 publications

Effects of urban street trees on human thermal comfort and physiological indices: a case study in Changchun city, China

Effects of urban street trees on human thermal comfort and physiological indices: a case study in Changchun city, China

Evaluation of the Effect of Urban Redevelopment on Surface Urban Heat Islands

Integrating Satellite-Derived Data as Spatial Predictors in Multiple Regression Models to Enhance the Knowledge of Air Temperature Patterns

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