Effect of the polymer electrolyte on the electrochemical polymerization of aniline

Hyôdô, Kenji; Omae, Maki; Kagami, Yoshiharu

doi:10.1016/0013-4686(91)85183-8

Cited by 22 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The effects of various experimental parameters, such as pH, temperature, and aniline concentration, on polyaniline properties have been studied by a number of investigators 28–34. One of the most interesting parameter effects, that of pH, on the electrochemical properties of polyaniline has been intensively investigated, and its chemical changes are related to the potential change during the oxidation and reduction steps 1, 2.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemistry of polyaniline: Study of the pH effect and electrochromism

Prakash

2001

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Polyaniline was electrochemically synthesized from an aqueous medium with various acid electrolytes via potentiodynamic and potentiostatic techniques. The electrochemical synthesis of polyaniline was studied over various substrates, including Pt, Ti, Ni, and SnO 2 coated glass, and in various acid electrolytes. Cyclic voltammograms of electrochemically synthesized polyaniline were studied in HCl in a pH range of 1-4. Probable electrochemistry and chemical changes were deduced that occurred when polyaniline film was electrochemically oxidized and reduced between Ϫ0.2 and 1.0 V versus a Ag/AgCl reference electrode in an acidic electrolyte at pH 1, and three corresponding oxidation and reduction peaks were described instead of two redox peaks (as observed by W. S. Huang, B. D. Humphrey, and A. G. MacDiarmid, J Chem Soc Faraday Trans 1 1986, 82, 2385). The electrochromic property was studied with changes in the chemical states of polyaniline during electrochemical oxidation and reduction. A new viscous electrolyte, aqueous AlCl 3 (pH 2), saturated with AgCl was used for the construction of an electrochromic display device.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemistry of polyaniline: Study of the pH effect and electrochromism

Prakash

2001

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…In particular, it was shown that the molecular structure of polyelectrolyte strongly affects the film growth rate of PANI complex, its properties, and morphology. Such effect may come from the difference of the interactions of the dopant anions with nitrogen atoms of PANI [3,6] or different polyelectrolyte macromolecule flexibility [14,15]. Considering the polyelectrolyte chain flexibility, the explanation was suggested based on the different conformation of the polyacids in solution and preliminary association of aniline molecules with the acid groups of polyacids.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The using of different polymer electrolytes opens perspectives for modification of the morphology of PANI films [3,6,8,9,[14][15][16] and optical, electrochemical, and other properties of PANI films [6,[9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] that are highly necessary for direct practical application of such systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among preparation methods of PANI, the electrodeposition is known to give the material free of the initial monomer and oxidant contamination [2] that allows considering this method as technology and environmentally friendly one. To improve physicochemical properties of PANI films, polymer electrolytes (namely, polymeric acids) have been used [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. PANI films thus obtained are characterized by reversible redox reaction and fast redox kinetics up to pH ∼4 [10] or even neutral [11] and alkaline pH [12], independence of the redox reaction rate on the PANI film thickness [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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On the nature of influence of polyelectrolyte molecular weight on aniline electropolymerization

Грибкова

Omelchenko

Некрасов

et al. 2015

J Solid State Electrochem

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Electrodeposition of polyaniline (PANI) complexes with a polymeric sulfonic acid of variable molecular weight has been studied with the purpose to explain specific features of aniline electropolymerization in the presence of polyelectrolytes. Poly-(2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid) (PAMPSA) was taken as a model polyelectrolyte due to the ease of varying its molecular weight during polymerization of the monomer. Depending on the polyacid molecular weight, crucial changes in the shape of charge-and potential-time dependences and cyclic voltammograms have been observed during potentiostatic, galvanostatic, and cyclic voltammetry syntheses of PANI, respectively. The results are considered in terms of the influence of molecular weight on proton condensation ability of the polyacid and, therefore, on the degree of aniline protonation and its local concentration in the vicinity of polyacid macromolecule. The PANI films obtained are characterized by cyclic voltammetry and UV-vis and Raman spectroelectrochemistry, and the influence of the polyacid molecular weight on these properties is discussed.

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“…The dotted lines in Figure 1 represent integral pore radius distribution curves measured by evaporation of decane for different eineraldine salts : E-Cl( l'), E-HS04(2') and E-CF,C00(3'). The solid lines are obtained for the evaporation of water in the case of E-Cl(l), E-HS0,(2), E-CF,C00(3), E-H2P0,(4), E-BF,(S), E-HCOO(6) and E-CH,C,H4S0, (7). The results of the measurements give clear evidence for the existence of two principal inflection points on the porosimetric curves, with the radius being almost completely independent of the nature of the counterion and solvent.…”

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confidence: 99%

A new technique for characterizing the porous structure of materials: Standard porosimetry of polyaniline emeraldine salts and bases

et al. 1993

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The standard porosimetry (SP) technique has a number of important advantages over conventional methods for measuring the pore radius distribution in tnicroporous materials (such as mercury porosimetry, optical and electron microscopy, capillary displacement and condensation, low-angle X-ray scattering, etc.). SP can be effectively and universally used for studies of the porous structure of different materials, especially those which are easily compressed, swelled or amalgamated or those with a broad distribution of the pore radii.['] This method is based on the fundamental phenomenon of capillary equilibrium in a stack of porous bodies in mutual contact, which is chracterized by the equality of capillary potentials governing pore flooding or drying."] Many conducting polymers have been shown, using electron microscopy, to have a fibrillar structure, with the size of fibrils being dependent on the doping level, solvent, and the nature of the counterion."] As opposed to electron microscopy, the SP technique allows pore radius distribution curves (porosimetric curves) to be measured in situ in different impregnating liquids. From these curves a number of less general but frequently used structural parameters, such as specific surface area and volume, total porosity, wetting angles, etc., can be readily calculated.The purpose of the present work was not restricted to a detailed characterization of the porous structure of polyaniline (PANI), both in the form of its emeraldine salt (ES) and emeraldine base (EB), but also aims to directly compare the parameters obtained by SP with these obtained from the electronic micrographs of this material. Powders of the emeraldiiie salt (ES) were prepared by oxidative polymerization of aniline in an HCl solution using persulfate anion as an oxidant.''] Eineraldine chloride (E-CI) was converted to EB by treating the former with ammonium hydroxide solution. Other salts were obtained by treating the powder of EB with different acids. The excess[*] Dr.

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Effect of the polymer electrolyte on the electrochemical polymerization of aniline

Cited by 22 publications

References 11 publications

Electrochemistry of polyaniline: Study of the pH effect and electrochromism

Electrochemistry of polyaniline: Study of the pH effect and electrochromism

On the nature of influence of polyelectrolyte molecular weight on aniline electropolymerization

A new technique for characterizing the porous structure of materials: Standard porosimetry of polyaniline emeraldine salts and bases

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