Effect of the Parts of Plant Material (Flowers and Leaves) on Essential Oil Chemical Composition ofOrmenis mixtafrom Morocco

Abstract

Air-dried aerial parts of wild Ormenis mixta were collected from five different regions of Morocco (Kenitra, Tamesna, Sidi allal lbahraoui, Settat and Benguerir) during 2011. The essential oil obtained separately from the leaves and flowers of O.mixta has been extracted by Clevenger apparatus and analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The flowers gave the most important yield in all the regions. The yield obtained varies greatly with a range of 0.83 to 1.67 % for flowers and 0,56 to 0,86 % for leaves. Significant differences were found in the chemical composition of leaves and flowers. The main components of flowers were camphor (14,4-29 %), trans-β-farnesene (8.3 %) and 2-tridecanone (21.5 %). For the leaves, the major components were trans-nerolidol (44.1 %), β-myrcene (12.4 %) and camphor (11-33 %). Cluster analysis of the essential oil composition from the five populations studied confirmed a major chemical variability.

Artemisia magellanica. Chemical Composition of the Essential Oil from an Unexplored Endemic Species of Patagonia

“…1038 [18] 1260 1250 [18] 0.1 0.3 (E)-β-ocimene 1032 [b] 1272 [b] 0.1 0.3 isoamyl butyrate 1043 1057 [18] 1538 1552 [18] tr tr octanol 1067 1064 [23] -1364 [19] tr -isobutyl tiglate 1076 1075 [19] 1398 1410 [19] tr tr (Z)-3-hexenyl propionate 1077 1079 [19] 1409 1415 [19] tr tr rosefuran 1081 [b] 1549 [b] 0.5 tr linalool 1081 1094 [19] 1270 1274 [19] 0.9 1.8 isoamyl 2-methylbutyrate 1086 1085 [19] 1280 1286 [19] 8.2 17.8 2-methylbutyl 2-methylbutyrate 1087 1126 [19] 1290 1325 [19] 2.1 5.1 amyl 2-methylbutyrate 1115 1116 [18] 1385 1367 [18] tr tr (Z)-alloocimene 1121 [b] 1396 [b] tr 0.2 (Z)-3-hexenyl isobutyrate 1125 1131 [19] 1346 1353 [24] 0.1 tr hexyl isobutyrate 1141 [b] 1771 [b] tr tr methyl phenylacetate 1164 [b] 1614 [b] tr tr terpinen-4-ol 1169 [b] 1789 [b] tr tr methyl salicylate 1170 1192 [19] 1399 1472 [21] 0.1 -2-methylbutyl tiglate 1174 1178 [18] 1684 1671 [18] tr 0.1 methyl chavicol 1215 [19] 1481 1482 [25] 0.1 0.2 (Z)-3-hexenyl 2-methylbutyrate 1215 [b] 1745 [b] 0.1 -carvone 1216…”

Integrated Analysis by GC/MS and 13C NMR of Moroccan Cladanthus mixtus Essential Oil; Identification of Uncommon Epoxyfarnesanes

“…The compositions of essential oils of group 1 were dominated either by santolina al cohol (24.1-66.0%) [6][7][8][9][10][11], camphor (17.8-33.0%) [12][13][14], 2-methyl-2-trans-buteny methacrylate (32.0-35.2%) [12,15,16], (E)-β-farnesene (35.5-50.3%) [12,15], or (E) nerolidol (44.1%) [13]; -Samples of group 2 contained mainly monoterpenes (α-pinene, myrcene, 1,8-cineole and camphor), irregular monoterpenes (santolina triene and santolina alcohol), ses quiterpene hydrocarbons (germacrene D and (E)-β-farnesene), or miscellaneous (2 tridecanone and (Z)-methyl isoeugenol) [12,13,17,18]. The aim of this paper that reports on the composition of two C. mixtus oil sample submitted to combined analysis by chromatographic and spectroscopic techniques is to demonstrate overall the importance of 13 C NMR in identifying uncommon oxygenated sesquiterpenes, the presence of which induces an unusual composition.…”

“…13 C NMR spectra were recorded on a Bruker AVANCE 400 Fourier Transform spectrometer equipped with a 5 mm probe operating at 100.63 MHz for 13 C, in CDCl 3 , with all shifts referred to internal Tetramethylsilane (TMS) at room temperature (298 • C). The following parameters were used: pulse width = 4 µs (flip angle 45 • ); acquisition time = 2.7 s for 128 K data table with a spectral width of 25,000 Hz (250 ppm); CPD mode decoupling; and digital resolution = 0.183 Hz/pt.…”

“…The compositions of essential oils of group 1 were dominated either by santolina alcohol (24.1-66.0%) [6][7][8][9][10][11], camphor (17.8-33.0%) [12][13][14], 2-methyl-2-trans-butenyl methacrylate (32.0-35.2%) [12,15,16], (E)-β-farnesene (35.5-50.3%) [12,15], or (E)nerolidol (44.1%) [13]; -Samples of group 2 contained mainly monoterpenes (α-pinene, myrcene, 1,8-cineole, and camphor), irregular monoterpenes (santolina triene and santolina alcohol), sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (germacrene D and (E)-β-farnesene), or miscellaneous (2tridecanone and (Z)-methyl isoeugenol) [12,13,17,18].…”

“…The aim of this paper that reports on the composition of two C. mixtus oil samples submitted to combined analysis by chromatographic and spectroscopic techniques is to demonstrate overall the importance of 13 C NMR in identifying uncommon oxygenated sesquiterpenes, the presence of which induces an unusual composition.…”