Effect of the mesopores of carbon supports on the CO tolerance of Pt 2 Ru 3 polymer electrolyte fuel cell anode catalyst

Narischat, Napan; Takeguchi, Tatsuya; Mori, Takeshi; Iwamura, Shinichiroh; Ogino, Isao; Mukai, Shin R.; Ueda, Wataru

doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2016.05.272

Cited by 20 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Against this background, considerable effort has been devoted to develop CO‐tolerant anode catalysts superior to conventional PtRu catalysts . The improvement of PtRu nanoparticles is one of the most promising roads to obtaining the highly tolerant anode catalysts.…”

Section: Anti‐carbon Monoxide Poisoning Co‐electrocatalystsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrocatalysts for PEM Fuel Cells

Ioroi

Siroma

Yamazaki

et al. 2018

Advanced Energy Materials

168

120

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Degradation phenomena of electrocatalysts for proton‐exchange membrane fuel cells and their mechanisms are reviewed. Platinum dissolution and redeposition, carbon‐support corrosion, inhomogeneity during start‐up and cell reversal are discussed as factors that influence the degradation of electrocatalysts with relation to electrode potential. Early research findings at the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Japan, are mainly used as a basis of discussion. The development of highly durable electrocatalysts using an oxide support based on the results of degradation studies to suppress electrocatalyst degradation is summarized with a main focus on Pt‐deposited Ti4O7 catalysts developed at AIST. The development of high‐CO‐concentration durable anode electrocatalysts is also reviewed. In particular, an electrocatalyst that uses an organic complex as a co‐electrocatalyst with a platinum ruthenium alloy anode electrocatalyst developed at AIST is included as a novel high‐CO‐concentration durable anode electrocatalyst.

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Section: Anti‐carbon Monoxide Poisoning Co‐electrocatalystsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrocatalysts for PEM Fuel Cells

Ioroi

Siroma

Yamazaki

et al. 2018

Advanced Energy Materials

168

120

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“…In conclusion, the positive impact of increasing temperature on hydrogen yield was evident, however high temperature operations require a more energy intensive process which translates to cost, and it also induces coke formation and causes catalyst deactivation. Moreover, the presence of high amounts of CO in the product stream is not desired as it can lead to poisoning issues in fuel cell application [19], and hence requires additional treatment to convert the CO into H 2 through WGS reaction, or utilising separation techniques to remove the CO from the product gas and reduce it to acceptable levels [20]. In order to avoid the poisoning effects and improve H 2 yield, recently the application of the sorption-enhanced membrane reactor (SEMR) has been shown to produce H 2 close to stoichiometric ratios due to the continuous removal of CO 2 by a sorbent, and the separation of H 2 from the product stream using a membrane [21].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermodynamic Analysis of Autothermal Reforming of Synthetic Crude Glycerol (SCG) for Hydrogen Production

Jimmy¹,

Mohamedali²,

Ibrahim³

2017

ChemEngineering

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This study presents the thermodynamic modelling of hydrogen production from autothermal reforming of synthetic crude glycerol using the Peng-Robinson Stryjek-Vera thermodynamic model and Gibbs free energy minimization approach. In order to simulate the typical crude glycerol, a solution was prepared by mixing glycerol, methanol, soap, and fatty acids. The equilibrium compositions of the reforming gas were obtained and the impacts of the operating temperature, steam to crude glycerol ratio (S/SCG), and oxygen to crude glycerol ratio (O/SCG) on hydrogen production were investigated. Under isothermal conditions, the result showed that maximum hydrogen production is favoured at conditions of high temperatures, high S/SCG, and low O/SCG ratio. However, under thermoneutral conditions where no external heat is supplied to the reformer, results indicate that high hydrogen yield is realised at conditions of high temperatures, high S/SCG and high O/SCG ratio. Furthermore, it was concluded that under thermoneutral condition, steam to SCG ratio of 3.6, oxygen to SCG ratio of 0.75, and adiabatic temperature of 927 K yields maximum hydrogen.

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“…Besides the corrosion issues related to carbon black, its relatively microporous and dense structure impedes the accessibility of the reactants to the metal NPs, reducing the catalytic activity and stability [111,112]. Recently, Narischat et al [114] investigated the effects of carbon support structures on CO tolerance. For this purpose, PtRu NPs supported on resorcinol formaldehyde carbon gels (RFC) of different porosity densities were tested in a single PEMFC poisoned with various CO concentrations, ranging from 100 to 2000 ppm.…”

Section: Advanced Carbonaceous Supportsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(b)Dependency of mesoporous volume of carbon support on diffusivity of CO and on cell voltage at 0.2 A cm −2 for 500 ppm CO poisoning. Reproduced with permission from[114]. (c) Polarization curves for H2 and 100 ppm CO/H2 at 85 °C.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon Monoxide Tolerant Pt-Based Electrocatalysts for H2-PEMFC Applications: Current Progress and Challenges

Molochas

Tsiakaras

2021

Catalysts

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The activity degradation of hydrogen-fed proton exchange membrane fuel cells (H2-PEMFCs) in the presence of even trace amounts of carbon monoxide (CO) in the H2 fuel is among the major drawbacks currently hindering their commercialization. Although significant progress has been made, the development of a practical anode electrocatalyst with both high CO tolerance and stability has still not occurred. Currently, efforts are being devoted to Pt-based electrocatalysts, including (i) alloys developed via novel synthesis methods, (ii) Pt combinations with metal oxides, (iii) core–shell structures, and (iv) surface-modified Pt/C catalysts. Additionally, the prospect of substituting the conventional carbon black support with advanced carbonaceous materials or metal oxides and carbides has been widely explored. In the present review, we provide a brief introduction to the fundamental aspects of CO tolerance, followed by a comprehensive presentation and thorough discussion of the recent strategies applied to enhance the CO tolerance and stability of anode electrocatalysts. The aim is to determine the progress made so far, highlight the most promising state-of-the-art CO-tolerant electrocatalysts, and identify the contributions of the novel strategies and the future challenges.

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Effect of the mesopores of carbon supports on the CO tolerance of Pt 2 Ru 3 polymer electrolyte fuel cell anode catalyst

Cited by 20 publications

References 45 publications

Electrocatalysts for PEM Fuel Cells

Electrocatalysts for PEM Fuel Cells

Thermodynamic Analysis of Autothermal Reforming of Synthetic Crude Glycerol (SCG) for Hydrogen Production

Carbon Monoxide Tolerant Pt-Based Electrocatalysts for H2-PEMFC Applications: Current Progress and Challenges

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