Effect of the linoleic acid concentration of mother's diet on adenyl cyclase activity of fetal and neonatal rat brown adipose tissue

Cresteil, Thierry

doi:10.1139/y77-169

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Linoleic acid is the major fuel for heat production in brown adipose tissue ( BAT) , and pregnant rats consuming high-fat diets rich in linoleic acid had pups with increased BAT activity (Cresteil, 1977). In addition, feeding rats high-fat gestation diets resulted in increased sympathetic nervous system activity (Schwartz et al, 1983) and BAT thermogenesis (Nedergaard et al, 1983) in the newborn pups.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of prepartum supplementary fat and muscle hypertrophy genotype on cold tolerance in newborn calves.

Lammoglia-Villagómez¹,

Bellows

Grings

et al. 1999

Journal of Animal Science

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Effects of feeding pregnant dams supplemental dietary fat during the last 55 d of gestation on cold tolerance of newborn crossbred calves with (Piedmontese cross, P, n = 15) or without (Hereford cross, H, n = 16) the muscle hypertrophy allele was determined. Primiparous F1 dams gestating F2 calves of the respective breeds were assigned randomly within breed to receive gestation diets containing either 2.2 (Low Fat; LF) or 5.1% fat (High Fat; HF). Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) seeds containing 37% oil with 79% linoleic acid were the supplemental fat source in diets formulated to be isocaloric-isonitrogenous. At parturition, calves were separated from their dams, fed 38 degrees C pooled dairy cow colostrum (30 mL/kg BW), muzzled to prevent suckling, and returned to their dams in a heated (22 degrees C) room for 3.5 h. At 4 h of age (birth = 0 h), a catheter was inserted into the jugular vein. At 5 h of age, calves were placed in a 0 degrees C room for 140 min, and rectal temperatures and blood samples were obtained at 10- and 20-min intervals. Blood was assayed for cortisol and glucose. Rectal temperature was affected by diet (P<.05), time, diet x time, and breed x time (P<.01 for time and the interactions). Cortisol and glucose concentrations were not affected by diet, breed, or the diet x breed interaction, but they were affected by time, breed x time (both P<.01), and diet x time (P = .06). Calves from HF dams had higher rectal temperatures than calves from LF dams, and the HF calves maintained higher rectal temperatures throughout cold exposure. Cortisol concentrations were lower (P = .06) in calves from HF dams, and these calves had more (P = .06) glucose available for metabolic heat production than calves from LF dams. Piedmontese-cross calves maintained higher (P<.01) rectal temperatures and had higher cortisol and glucose (both P<.01) concentrations than did H-cross calves. We conclude that feeding dams supplemental fat during late gestation increased heat production in newborn calves and potentially could increase calf survival; calves with muscle hypertrophy may have a different ratio of shivering vs nonshivering thermogenesis due to differences in body composition or relationships among uncoupling proteins.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of prepartum supplementary fat and muscle hypertrophy genotype on cold tolerance in newborn calves.

Lammoglia-Villagómez¹,

Bellows

Grings

et al. 1999

Journal of Animal Science

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“…Pups born to rats consuming high-fat diets rich in linoleic acid during pregnancy had increased BAT activity, as indicated by increased adenyl cyclase activity (Cresteil, 1977). Docosahexaenoic acid is a PUFA found in algae and fish oils.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermogenesis, blood metabolites and hormones, and growth of lambs born to ewes supplemented with algae-derived docosahexaenoic acid1

Keithly

Kott

Berardinelli

et al. 2011

Journal of Animal Science

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Neonatal lamb mortality is a major factor affecting profitability in the sheep industry, and lamb thermogenesis is a key element in neonatal lamb survival. Increased lamb vigor has been reported when ewes were supplemented during late gestation with algae-derived docosahexaenoic acid (DHA); however, the effects of DHA on lamb thermogenesis and immunocompetence have not been investigated. Eighty twin-bearing Targhee ewes (ages 2 to 5 yr; 68.5 ± 3 kg) were assigned randomly to 1 of 2 supplement treatments to determine the effects of feeding DHA to ewes during late gestation and early lactation on lamb thermogenesis, serum metabolites and hormones, and lamb growth. Supplement treatments were 12 g·ewe(-1)·d(-1) of algae-derived DHA (DHA Gold Advanced Bionutrition Corp., Columbia, MD; algae-derived DHA); and no algae-derived DHA (control). Supplements were individually fed daily during the last 30 d (±7 d) of gestation and pen fed (6 pens/treatment with 6 or 7 ewes/pen) during the first 38 d (±7 d) of lactation. One hour after lambing and before nursing, twin-born lambs were weighed, blood sampled via jugular puncture, and placed in a dry cold chamber for 30 min (0°C), and rectal temperatures were recorded every minute for 30 min. Lambs were removed from the cold chamber, blood sampled, warmed for 15 min, and returned to their dam. Ewes were blood sampled, and colostrum samples were collected 1 h postpartum. Ewe and lamb sera were assayed for glucose, NEFA, cortisol, and leptin. Lamb rectal temperature, glucose, NEFA, cortisol, leptin, and birth weights did not differ between treatments. The BW at 38 d was greater (P = 0.03) for lambs born to control ewes than for lambs born to algae-derived DHA-supplemented ewes; however, the colostrum of algae-derived DHA-supplemented ewes had a greater specific gravity (P = 0.05) than for control ewes. Overall, despite a potentially positive effect on ewe colostral IgG concentrations, supplementation of algae-derived DHA during late gestation and early lactation had a negative effect on lamb BW and did not affect indices of lamb thermogenesis.

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Raman spectroscopy of submicron KNO3 films. II. Fatigue and space-charge effects

Scott

Pouligny

1988

Journal of Applied Physics

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Spectroscopy of surface spacecharge layersRaman spectroscopy of KN0 3 thin-film ferroelectric memories has been performed as a function of film thickness, temperature, annealing procedures, and read-write cycles (fatigue). The results show that conversion to phase II is not the cause of failure in these memory devices, in agreement with the x-ray results of Schaffer and Mikkola. Waiting time effects are in accord with the space-charge theory of Takahashi. 1547

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Effect of the linoleic acid concentration of mother's diet on adenyl cyclase activity of fetal and neonatal rat brown adipose tissue

Cited by 4 publications

References 12 publications

Effects of prepartum supplementary fat and muscle hypertrophy genotype on cold tolerance in newborn calves.

Effects of prepartum supplementary fat and muscle hypertrophy genotype on cold tolerance in newborn calves.

Thermogenesis, blood metabolites and hormones, and growth of lambs born to ewes supplemented with algae-derived docosahexaenoic acid1

Raman spectroscopy of submicron KNO3 films. II. Fatigue and space-charge effects

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