Effect of the lactic acid bacterium <i>Streptococcus thermophilus</i> on stratum corneum ceramide levels and signs and symptoms of atopic dermatitis patients

Marzio, Luisa Di; Centi, Carla; Cinque, Benedetta; Masci, S; Giuliani, Michael J.; Arcieri, Anna; Zicari, Luigi; Simone, Claudio De; Cifone, Maria Grazia

doi:10.1034/j.1600-0625.2003.00051.x

Cited by 83 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…3B shows some representative autoradiographies of SC ceramide levels obtained before (TO) and after 2 weeks of the application (Tf) of base (C site) or experimental cream (T site). These results suggest that observed increase in skin ceramides was caused primarily by the presence of S. thermophilus SMase in active cream, thus confirming previously reported findings (14)(15). , thus suggesting that changes in transepidermal water loss are too small to be taken into consideration.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Our results, obtained with the topical application of a sonicated Streptococcus thermophilus preparation, led to increased non-hydroxy fatty acid ceramides and hydroxy fatty acid ceramide levels in stratum corneum. These results could be explained with the presence of high levels of neutral SMase in S. thermophilus, as previously reported (14)(15). Altogether, our findings suggest that there are two eventual possibilities by which topical application of a sonicated Streptococcus thermophilus preparation may contribute to the improvement of lipid barrier and a more effective resistance against ageing-associated skin xerosis.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…Cer-2 and Cer-5, but other ceramide species can be generated by~-glucocerobrosidase-dependent hydrolysis of epidermal glucosylceramides. In our previous works we reported evidence that the treatment with a sonicated preparation of Streptococcus salivarius subspeciem thermophilus was able to induce an increasing ceramide level either in vitro, on cultured keratinocytes, or in vivo, on stratum corneum of healthy subjects and atopic dermatitis patients (14)(15). Considering the suggested role of the ceramides in regulating the water-holding capacity and in maintaining skin integrity, the aim of the present work is to investigate the possibility that the topic application ofS.…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

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Increase of Skin-Ceramide Levels in Aged Subjects following a Short-Term Topical Application of Bacterial Sphingomyelinase from Streptococcus Thermophilus

Marzio

Cinque

Cupelli

et al. 2008

Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol

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Several studies have demonstrated that ceramides play an essential role in both the barrier and water-holding functions of healthy stratum corneum, suggesting that the dysfunction of the stratum corneum associated with ageing as well that observed inpatients with several skin diseases could result from a ceramide deficiency. In a previous study our group reported a significant increase in skin ceramide levels in healthy subjects after treatment in vivo with a cream containing a preparation of Streptococcus thermophilus. The presence of high levels of neutral sphingomyelinase activity in this organism was responsible for the observed increase of stratum corneum ceramide levels, thus leading to an improvement in barrier function and maintenance of stratum corneum flexibility. The aim of the present work is to investigate the effects of the topical treatment of a Streptococcus thermophiluscontaining cream on ceramide levels of stratum corneum of healthy elderly women. The ceramide levels, transepidermal water loss and capacitance were evaluated on stratum corneum sheets from the forearms of 20 healthy female subjects treated with a base cream or the same cream containing a sonicated preparation of the lactic acid bacterium Streptococcus thermophilus. A 2-week topical application of a sonicated Streptococcus thermophilus preparation led to significant and relevant increase of stratum corneum ceramide levels. Moreover, the hydration values of the treated forearm of each subject was significantly higher than control sites. These results suggest that the experimental cream was able to improve the lipid barrier and to increase a resistance against ageing-associated xerosis.The stratum corneum (sq, a highly specialized structure, is the outermost layer of the skin and functions as an important barrier to maintain biological homeostasis (l ). The SC is comprised of both non-viable, protein-enriched corneocytes and a surrounding lipid-enriched extracellular matrix (2). This structure explains such functions as regulation of transcutaneous water loss, stratum corneum moisturization, corneocyte cohesion, and percutaneous drug delivery. The lipid component includes cholesterol, ceramides and fatty acids (FA) typically with ratios in the range of3 :4:2, respectively (3). However, it is theceramides that are thought to play the essential role in the formation of the bilayer system. The extracellular Cer comprise~50% of the SC lipids, and represent a heterogeneous family of at

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

mentioning

confidence: 98%

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Increase of Skin-Ceramide Levels in Aged Subjects following a Short-Term Topical Application of Bacterial Sphingomyelinase from Streptococcus Thermophilus

Marzio

Cinque

Cupelli

et al. 2008

Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol

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“…Additionally, S. thermophilus has been found to positively influence the levels of sphingolipids in human skin. A study which looked at about 11 patients who were treated with topical creams containing S. thermophilus, in all cases there were "significant improvements in levels of bacterial sphingomyelinase" [22].…”

Section: S Thermophilus For Skin Ailmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Probiotic Efficacy and Potential of Streptococcus thermophilus modulating human health: A synoptic review

Sharma¹,

Bhaskar²,

Sanodiya³

et al. 2014

IOSRJPBS

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“…Currently, research is also investigating the topical use of probiotics to augment the skin barrier function to promote skin health or prevent or treat disease (9,(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24). The benefits of topical application of probiotics are still speculative, and researchers are now focusing on this area to improve conditions such as excessive skin sensitivity, atopic dermatitis, and psoriasis and to stimulate the wound healing process (19,(25)(26)(27)(28)(29). However, an important consideration will be the safety of using live bacteria, especially in situations where the skin barrier is breached.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG Inhibits the Toxic Effects of Staphylococcus aureus on Epidermal Keratinocytes

Mohammedsaeed

McBain

Cruickshank

et al. 2014

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Few studies have evaluated the potential benefits of the topical application of probiotic bacteria or material derived from them. We have investigated whether a probiotic bacterium, Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG, can inhibit Staphylococcus aureus infection of human primary keratinocytes in culture. When primary human keratinocytes were exposed to S. aureus, only 25% of the keratinocytes remained viable following 24 h of incubation. However, in the presence of 10 8 CFU/ml of live L. rhamnosus GG, the viability of the infected keratinocytes increased to 57% (P ‫؍‬ 0.01). L. rhamnosus GG lysates and spent culture fluid also provided significant protection to keratinocytes, with 65% (P ‫؍‬ 0.006) and 57% (P ‫؍‬ 0.01) of cells, respectively, being viable following 24 h of incubation. Keratinocyte survival was significantly enhanced regardless of whether the probiotic was applied in the viable form or as cell lysates 2 h before or simultaneously with (P ‫؍‬ 0.005) or 12 h after (P ‫؍‬ 0.01) S. aureus infection. However, spent culture fluid was protective only if added before or simultaneously with S. aureus. With respect to mechanism, both L. rhamnosus GG lysate and spent culture fluid apparently inhibited adherence of S. aureus to keratinocytes by competitive exclusion, but only viable bacteria or the lysate could displace S. aureus (P ‫؍‬ 0.04 and 0.01, respectively). Furthermore, growth of S. aureus was inhibited by either live bacteria or lysate but not spent culture fluid. Together, these data suggest at least two separate activities involved in the protective effects of L. rhamnosus GG against S. aureus, growth inhibition and reduction of bacterial adhesion.

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Effect of the lactic acid bacterium Streptococcus thermophilus on stratum corneum ceramide levels and signs and symptoms of atopic dermatitis patients

Cited by 83 publications

References 36 publications

Increase of Skin-Ceramide Levels in Aged Subjects following a Short-Term Topical Application of Bacterial Sphingomyelinase from Streptococcus Thermophilus

Increase of Skin-Ceramide Levels in Aged Subjects following a Short-Term Topical Application of Bacterial Sphingomyelinase from Streptococcus Thermophilus

Probiotic Efficacy and Potential of Streptococcus thermophilus modulating human health: A synoptic review

Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG Inhibits the Toxic Effects of Staphylococcus aureus on Epidermal Keratinocytes

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