Effect of the Instant Controlled Pressure Drop Technology in Cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum) Essential Oil Extraction and Antioxidant Activity

Teresa-Martínez, Giselle Dení; Cardador‐Martínez, Anaberta; Téllez‐Pérez, Carmen; Allaf, Karim; Jiménez‐Martínez, Cristian; Alonzo‐Macías, Maritza

doi:10.3390/molecules27113433

Cited by 8 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 35 publications

(37 reference statements)

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“…The steam is charged and encounters a narrow vessel chilled by an external source (cold water). Subsequently, the condensed steam is collected in a vessel with oil being less dense on the top (25,26). An 8 h steam distillation was used to extract 3.5% volatile oil from black cardamom fruits (27).…”

Section: Conventional Extraction Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Wang (49). Green cardamom was extracted for its seed oil by hydrodistillation with a yield of 2.52% (25). Despite few confines, hydrodistillation is among the most utilized extraction method among the conventional approaches.…”

Section: Conventional Extraction Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Various extraction procedures have been used to obtain phytochemicals, and can be classified as conventional-(e.g., hydrodistillation, steam distillation and Soxhlet extraction) and advance extraction methods (e.g., enzyme-assisted-, instant controlled pressure drop-, microwave-assisted-, pressurized liquid-, solar energy-based-, sub-critical-, supercritical fluid-, and ultrasound-assisted extractions) (2,9,10,(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25). Conventional extraction methods have wider applicability in the extraction of phytochemicals due to ease of operation, however, they require more time and huge amount of solvents, and give less extraction yield, thus making up-scaling difficult.…”

Section: Phytochemicals Extraction Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For efficient extraction of bioactive phytochemicals and essential oils, there is a dire need to develop efficient, novel and robust methods since conventional methods contain many flaws. Regarding phytochemicals extraction from cardamom, advance techniques such as enzyme-assisted-, instant controlled pressure drop-, microwave-assisted-, pressurized liquid-, solar energy-based-, sub-critical-, supercritical fluid-, and ultrasound-assisted extractions have been developed (2,10,(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25). In recent years, practice of employing advanced extraction techniques in combination with conventional procedures to isolate bioactive phytochemicals from black and/or green cardamom has surged.…”

Section: Advance Extraction Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, the instant controlled pressure drop (DIC) technique as a pre-treatment before hydrodistillation to extract oil from green cardamom has also shown an increased oil yield of 4.40% (30 s, 140 • C, 0.36 MPa) compared to 2.52% for control treatment (25). Moreover, a recent study also reported the potential of an eco-friendly, green and clean solar energy-based extraction (SEE) technique to extract green cardamom essential oil.…”

Section: Advance Extraction Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Recent advances in the extraction, chemical composition, therapeutic potential, and delivery of cardamom phytochemicals

Khan

Ahmad²,

Tian³

et al. 2022

Front. Nutr.

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Dietary phytochemicals including plant-derived alkaloids, carotenoids, organosulfur compounds, phenolics, and phytosterols, are health-promoting bioactive compounds that help in the prevention and mitigation of chronic diseases and microbial infections beyond basic nutrition supply. This article covers recent advances in the extraction, chemical composition, therapeutic potential (nutraceutical and antimicrobial), and delivery of black and green cardamom-derived phytochemicals. In recent years, advance extraction techniques (e.g., enzyme- assisted-, instant controlled pressure drop-, microwave- assisted-, pressurized liquid-, sub- critical-, supercritical fluid-, and ultrasound-assisted extractions) have been applied to obtain phytochemicals from cardamom. The bioactive constituents identification techniques, specifically GC-MS analysis revealed that 1,8-cineole and α-terpinyl acetate were the principle bioactive components in black and green cardamom. Regarding therapeutic potential, research findings have indicated desirable health properties of cardamom phytochemicals, including antioxidant-, anti-hypercholesterolemic, anti-platelet aggregation, anti-hypertensive, and gastro-protective effects. Moreover, antimicrobial investigations revealed that cardamom phytochemicals effectively inhibited growth of pathogenic microorganisms (bacteria and fungi), biofilm formation inhibition (Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria) and bacterial quorum sensing inhibition. Encapsulation and delivery vehicles, including microcapsules, nanoparticles, nanostructured lipid carriers, and nanoliposomes were effective strategies to enhance their stability, bioavailability and bioefficacy. In conclusion, cardamom phytochemicals had promising therapeutic potentials (antioxidant and antimicrobial) due to polyphenols, thus could be used as functional additive to increase shelf life, inhibit oxidative rancidity and confer pleasant aroma to commercial edibles as well as mitigate oxidative stress and lifestyle related chronic diseases (e.g., cardiovascular and gastrointestinal diseases). A future perspective concerning the fabrication of functional foods, nutraceuticals and antibiotics to promote cardamom phytochemicals applications as biotherapeutic agents at large-scale requires thorough investigations, e.g., optimum dose and physical form of supplementation to obtain maximum health benefits.

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Section: Conventional Extraction Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Conventional Extraction Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%