Effect of the focal shaping generated from different double-mode cylindrical vector beams

Abstract

We investigate three-dimensional focus shaping generated from double-mode cylindrical vector beams with the Gaussian and Bessel-Gaussian pupil apodization functions by choosing the suitable polarization states of beams. Further, we compare them with that generated from the Laguerre-Gaussian pupil apodization function in the same situation. We find that the focus shaping generated from the Gaussian beam has the smallest zero intensity spot size. However, the situation of the Bessel-Gaussian beam not only possesses stability, which makes it suitable when applied in optical trapping, but also shows the best uniformity, which indicates its excellent performance in super-resolution fluorescence microscopy.

Vectorial structure of arbitrary vector vortex beams diffracted by a circular aperture in the far field

“…Cylindrical vector beams with spatially variant states of polarization have drawn much attention due to their unique properties [1] and widespread applications in optical trapping [2], optical communication [3], focus shaping [4], laser processing [5], and all-dielectric nanostructures [6]. Compared with the conventional homogeneous polarization represented by the fundamental Poincaré sphere, the higher-order Poincaré sphere (HOPS) describes the higher-order states of polarization of generalized vector vortex beams that includes cylindrical vector beam, circularly polarized vortex beam, and elliptically polarized vortex beam [7].…”