Effect of the duration of high air temperature on cow’s milking performance in moderate climate conditions

Herbut, Piotr; Angrecka, Sabina; Godyń, Dorota

doi:10.1515/aoas-2017-0017

Cited by 21 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…A more recent study suggested that the heat load threshold for lactating cows was THI = 70 when cows were standing and THI = 65 when cows were lying down [53]. However, it is important to mention that the duration of decline in milk yield also depends on the month of the measurement and thermal conditions in the preceding month [63]. Byrant et al [64] reported that hot conditions were associated with reductions in milk and milk solid yields, and fat and protein concentrations in three breeds of dairy cattle (Holstein Friesians, New Zealand Jerseys and crosses between the two) in New Zealand with better tolerance in the Jersey cows.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Heat stress has also been reported to adversely affect production in the lactating dairy cows, and there is often a delay before a return to normal feed intake and milk yield following the heat challenge, indicating a period of metabolic recovery [20]. It has also been reported that a decrease in cow milking performance also depends on the severity of the heat wave and the length of the heat during the preceding periods [63]. Bouraoui et al [56] explained that a part of the adverse effects of HS on milk production could be attributed to reduced nutrient intake and decreased nutrient uptake by the portal drained viscera of the cow.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Heat Stress Impacts on Lactating Cows Grazing Australian Summer Pastures on an Automatic Robotic Dairy

Osei-Amponsah

Dunshea

Leury

et al. 2020

Animals

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The objective of this study was to measure the impacts of summer heat events on physiological parameters (body temperature, respiratory rate and panting scores), grazing behaviour and production parameters of lactating Holstein Friesian cows managed on an Automated Robotic Dairy during Australian summer. The severity of heat stress was measured using Temperature-Humidity Index (THI) and impacts of different THIs—low (≤72), moderate (73–82) and high (≥83)—on physiological responses and production performance were measured. There was a highly significant (p ≤ 0.01) effect of THI on respiratory rate (66.7, 84.7 and 109.1/min), panting scores (1.4, 1.9 and 2.3) and average body temperature of cows (38.4, 39.4 and 41.5 °C), which increased as THI increased from low to moderate to high over the summer. Average milk production parameters were also significantly (p ≤ 0.01) affected by THI, such that daily milk production dropped by 14% from low to high THI, milk temperature and fat% increased by 3%, whilst protein% increased by 2%. The lactation stage of cow had no significant effect on physiological parameters but affected (p ≤ 0.05) average daily milk yield and milk solids. Highly significant (p ≤ 0.01) positive correlations were obtained between THI and milk temperature, fat% and protein% whilst the reverse was observed between THI and milk yield, feed intake and rumination time. Under moderate and high THI, most cows sought shade, spent more time around watering points and showed signs of distress (excessive salivation and open mouth panting). In view of the expected future increase in the frequency and severity of heat events, additional strategies including selection and breeding for thermotolerance and dietary interventions to improve resilience of cows need to be pursued.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heat Stress Impacts on Lactating Cows Grazing Australian Summer Pastures on an Automatic Robotic Dairy

Osei-Amponsah

Dunshea

Leury

et al. 2020

Animals

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“…The common consensus about THI scale is the upper threshold THI, upon which the cow starts to experiences signs of hyperthermia [7,10]. This threshold has been reported variable upon different systems, generally started from 67 [16] and 72 [5,17], THI above these limits initiated hyperthermia derived discomfort [15], altered physiology [11], decreased feed intake [18], and decline in milk yield and composition [19]. Besides this, THI threshold may act variably for different physiological parameter, being lower for respiration rate and higher for rectal temperature [17].…”

Section: Heat Stress Assessment and Principals Of Mitigationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional Physiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Cattle under the Influence of Heat Stress: Consequences and Opportunities

Sammad

Wang

Umer

et al. 2020

Animals

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Higher milk yield and prolificacy of the modern dairy cattle requires high metabolism activities to support them. It causes high heat production by the body, which coupled with increasing environmental temperatures results in heat stress (HS). Production, health, and welfare of modern cattle are severely jeopardized due to their low adaptability to hot conditions. Animal activates a variety of physiological, endocrine, and behavioral mechanisms to cope with HS. Traditionally, decreased feed intake is considered as the major factor towards negative energy balance (NEBAL) leading to a decline in milk production. However, reciprocal changes related to insulin; glucose metabolism; failure of adipose mobilization; and skeletal muscle metabolism have appeared to be the major culprits behind HS specific NEBAL. There exists high insulin activity and glucose become preferential energy fuel. Physiological biochemistry of the heat stressed cows is characterized by low-fat reserves derived NEFA (non-esterified fatty acids) response, despite high energy demands. Besides these, physiological and gut-associated changes and poor feeding practices can further compromise the welfare and production of the heat-stressed cows. Better understanding of HS specific nutritional physiology and metabolic biochemistry of the dairy cattle will primarily help to devise practical interventions in this context. Proper assessment of the HS in cattle and thereby applying relevant cooling measures at dairy seems to be the basic mitigation approach. Score of the nutritional strategies be applied in the eve of HS should target supporting physiological responses of abatement and fulfilling the deficiencies possessed, such as water and minerals. Second line of abatement constitutes proper feeding, which could augment metabolic activities and synergizes energy support. The third line of supplemental supports should be directed towards modulating the metabolic (propionates, thiazolidinediones, dietary buffers, probiotics, and fermentates) and antioxidant responses (vitamins). Comprehensive understanding of the energetic metabolism dynamics under the impact of incremental heat load and complete outlook of pros and cons of the dietary ameliorating substances together with the discovery of the newer relevant supplementations constitutes the future avenues in this context.

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“…Heat stress is a major factor that can negatively affect milk production [109], as well as nutrient supply for the reproduction and to maintain the health of the cow [48]. In this scenario, mitigation approaches are required to reduce the severity of the heat stress effects on dairy production.…”

Section: Mitigation Strategies Towards Heat Stress and Its Consequencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glucose Metabolism and Dynamics of Facilitative Glucose Transporters (GLUTs) under the Influence of Heat Stress in Dairy Cattle

Abbas

Sammad

et al. 2020

Metabolites

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Heat stress is one of the main threats to dairy cow production; in order to resist heat stress, the animal exhibits a variety of physiological and hormonal responses driven by complex molecular mechanisms. Heat-stressed cows have high insulin activity, decreased non-esterified fatty acids, and increased glucose disposal. Glucose, as one of the important biochemical components of the energetic metabolism, is affected at multiple levels by the reciprocal changes in hormonal secretion and adipose metabolism under the influence of heat stress in dairy cattle. Therefore, alterations in glucose metabolism have negative consequences for the animal’s health, production, and reproduction under heat stress. Lactose is a major sugar of milk which is affected by the reshuffle of the whole-body energetic metabolism during heat stress, contributing towards milk production losses. Glucose homeostasis is maintained in the body by one of the glucose transporters’ family called facilitative glucose transporters (GLUTs encoded by SLC2A genes). Besides the glucose level, the GLUTs expression level is also significantly changed under the influence of heat stress. This review aims to describe the effect of heat stress on systemic glucose metabolism, facilitative glucose transporters, and its consequences on health and milk production.

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Effect of the duration of high air temperature on cow’s milking performance in moderate climate conditions

Cited by 21 publications

References 7 publications

Heat Stress Impacts on Lactating Cows Grazing Australian Summer Pastures on an Automatic Robotic Dairy

Heat Stress Impacts on Lactating Cows Grazing Australian Summer Pastures on an Automatic Robotic Dairy

Nutritional Physiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Cattle under the Influence of Heat Stress: Consequences and Opportunities

Glucose Metabolism and Dynamics of Facilitative Glucose Transporters (GLUTs) under the Influence of Heat Stress in Dairy Cattle

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