Effect of the degree of saturation of hydroxy-fatty acids on the properties of complex calcium-lubricants

A New Benzylated Fatty Acid Amide Amphoteric Surfactant Derived from Hydrogenated Castor Oil with Ultra‐Low Interfacial Tension between Crude Oil and Brine

“…Hydrogenated castor oil (HCO) with high melting point of 85 °C exhibits stable physical properties, and much attention has been devoted to the hydrogenation process (Choi et al, 2017; De Cassia De Souza Schneider et al, 2013; Martinelli et al, 2005) and its use in lubricants (Danish and Parrott, 1971; Wang et al, 2010), coatings (Gauthier et al, 2012; Hiew et al, 2019), cosmetics (Verheyden et al, 2017), and pharmaceutics (Bose and Bogner, 2007; Nakamura et al, 2016). However, chemical modification of HCO has been rarely investigated, except for soap formation (Ishchuk et al, 1971), fatty amide wax (Huyan et al, 2018; Yu et al, 2017), and ethoxylated oil (Pang and Andersen, 1997). With hydroxyl and ester functional groups in the triacylglycerols, the HCO has great potential in the synthesis of functional materials, such as the biobased surfactants.…”