Effect of the degree of acetylation on the physicochemical properties of α-chitin nanofibers

Machida, Junnosuke; Suenaga, Shin; Osada, Motonobu

doi:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.03.213

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 27 publications

(40 reference statements)

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“…The control of NaOH-mediated deacetylation is critical in developing ChNF properties. By adjusting the NaOH reaction time, a series of deacetylated α-chitin with varying DDA was produced . More importantly, it was confirmed that deacetylation occurred on the surface and that the interior of nanofibers remained unaltered.…”

Section: Isolation and Engineering Of Nanochitinmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…By adjusting the NaOH reaction time, a series of deacetylated α-chitin with varying DDA was produced. 274 More importantly, it was confirmed that deacetylation occurred on the surface and that the interior of nanofibers remained unaltered. When subjecting such modified α-chitins into wet pulverization in acetic acid media, ChNF was obtained, exhibiting a reduced width as the DA was reduced, which indicated that the physicochemical properties of ChNF were controlled by the deacetylation reaction.…”

Section: Isolation Of Nanochitinmentioning

confidence: 87%

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Nanochitin: Chemistry, Structure, Assembly, and Applications

et al. 2022

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Section: Isolation and Engineering Of Nanochitinmentioning

confidence: 82%

Section: Isolation Of Nanochitinmentioning

confidence: 87%

Nanochitin: Chemistry, Structure, Assembly, and Applications

et al. 2022

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“…For comparison purposes, DA values of 63.4−69.8% have been reported for Agaricus bisporus depending on the body part, 28 while raw α-chitin DA is around 94% (DA obtained using FTIR spectroscopy in both cases). 61 These results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method for extracting chitin with minimal N-deacetylation.…”

Section: Semicrystalline Structure and Conformational Featuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Sustainability and Physicochemical Property Screening of Chitin and Chitin-Glucan from 22 Fungal Species

Grifoll,

Bravo,

Pérez

et al. 2024

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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Thanks to its biobased character with embedded biogenic carbon, chitin can aid in the transition to a sustainable circular economy by replacing fossil carbon from the geosphere. However, meeting current demands for material availability and environmental sustainability requires alternative methods limiting conventional chemical and energy-consuming chitin extraction from crustaceans. To assist future chitinous bioproduct development, this work analyzes the physicochemical properties and potential environmental sustainability of fungal chitin-glucan complexes. A conventional isolation procedure using sodium hydroxide, a weak acid, and short reaction times are applied to the fruiting body of 22 fungal species. Besides, the valorization of underutilized waste streams including Agaricus bisporus and Agaricus brunnescens stipes is investigated. The carbohydrate analysis renders chitin fractions in the range of 9.5–63.5 wt %, while yields vary from 4.2 to 29.9%, and the N-acetylation degree in found in between 53.0 and 98.7%. The sustainability of the process is analyzed using life cycle assessment (LCA), providing impact quantification for global warming potential, terrestrial acidification, freshwater eutrophication, and water use. With 87.5–589.3 kg·CO2-equiv per kilo, potentially lower global warming potential values in comparison to crustacean chitin are achieved. The crystallinity degree ranged from 28 to 78%, while the apparent chitin crystalline size (L 020) is between 2.3 and 5.4 nm. Ten of the species yield α-chitin coexisting with semicrystalline glucans. Zwitterionic properties are observed in aqueous solutions, shifting from cationic to anionic at pH 4.5. With its renewable carbon content, fungal chitin is an environmentally sustainable alternative for high-value applications due to its balance of minimal treatment, low carbon footprint, material renewability, ease of isolation, thermal stability, zwitterionic behavior, biodegradability, and noncytotoxicity.

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“…However, the high chemical expense of TEMPO limits the widespread use of this chemical route. Deacetylation by NaOH to replace acetamido groups by amino groups in chitin molecules has been also reported to weaken hydrogen interaction between chitin molecular chains, assisting individualization of ChNFs 30 , 32 . Machida et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of chitin nanofiber coatings for prolonging shelf life and inhibiting bacterial growth on fresh cucumbers

Tanpichai

Pumpuang

Srimarut

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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The widespread usage of petroleum-based polymers as single-use packaging has had harmful effects on the environment. Herein, we developed sustainable chitin nanofiber (ChNF) coatings that prolong the shelf life of fresh cucumbers and delay the growth of pathogenic bacteria on their surfaces. ChNFs with varying degrees of acetylation were successfully prepared via deacetylation using NaOH with treatment times of 0–480 min and defibrillated using mechanical blending. With longer deacetylation reaction times, more acetamido groups (–NHCOCH3) in chitin molecules were converted to amino groups (–NH2), which imparted antibacterial properties to the ChNFs. The ChNF morphologies were affected by deacetylation reaction time. ChNFs deacetylated for 240 min had an average width of 9.0 nm and lengths of up to several μm, whereas rod-like structured ChNFs with a mean width of 7.3 nm and an average length of 222.3 nm were obtained with the reaction time of 480 min. Furthermore, we demonstrated a standalone ChNF coating to extend the shelf life of cucumbers. In comparison to the rod-like structured ChNFs, the 120 and 240-min deacetylated ChNFs exhibited a fibril-like structure, which considerably retarded the moisture loss of cucumbers and the growth rate of bacteria on their outer surfaces during storage. Cucumbers coated with these 120 and 240-min deacetylated ChNFs demonstrated a lower weight loss rate of ⁓ 3.9% day−1 compared to the uncoated cucumbers, which exhibited a weight loss rate of 4.6% day−1. This protective effect provided by these renewable ChNFs holds promising potential to reduce food waste and the use of petroleum-based packaging materials.

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Effect of the degree of acetylation on the physicochemical properties of α-chitin nanofibers

Cited by 11 publications

References 27 publications

Nanochitin: Chemistry, Structure, Assembly, and Applications

Nanochitin: Chemistry, Structure, Assembly, and Applications

Environmental Sustainability and Physicochemical Property Screening of Chitin and Chitin-Glucan from 22 Fungal Species

Development of chitin nanofiber coatings for prolonging shelf life and inhibiting bacterial growth on fresh cucumbers

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