Effect of the burial depth and environmental factors on the seasonal germination of bearded sprangletop (<scp>L</scp>eptochloa fusca [<scp>L</scp>.] <scp>K</scp>unth ssp. fascicularis [<scp>L</scp>am.] <scp>N</scp>. <scp>S</scp>now)

Altop, Emine Kaya; Mennan, Hüsrev; Phillippo, Colin J.; Zandstra, Bernard H.

doi:10.1111/wbm.12078

Cited by 14 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…WS-AWD system. These results are not surprising, since sprangletop emergence is reported to occur only under aerobic conditions in California (Bayer et al 1989;Flint 1993 (Altop et al 2015). Differences between weed counts at 20, 40, and 60 DAS indicate that certain species are emerging at different timings throughout the rice-growing season.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 88%

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Weed Community Dynamics and System Productivity in Alternative Irrigation Systems in California Rice

2016

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Over the last 10 yr, California has experienced a series of ever-worsening droughts. Rice, traditionally a flooded crop, has come under increasing scrutiny with respect to its water use, leading to proposals to evaluate alternative irrigation systems. For growers, weed competition is one of the most limiting factors to maintaining high yields, so understanding the shifts among species in weed communities under the proposed alternative irrigation systems is vital. A field study was conducted from 2012 to 2014 to compare weed population and growth dynamics with three irrigation systems: (1) a conventional water-seeded control system (WS-Control), with a permanent flood of 10 to 15 cm from planting until 1 mo prior to harvest; (2) a water-seeded alternate wet and dry system (WS-AWD), with the field flooded from planting until canopy closure, after which floodwater was allowed to subside and the field was reflooded when the soil volumetric water content reached 35%; and (3) a drill-seeded alternate wet and dry system (DS-AWD), with rice drill seeded and then flush irrigated to establish the crop, after which the field was flooded until canopy closure and then underwent an alternate wet and dry (AWD) treatment similar to WS-AWD. In the AWD treatments, there were two drying periods, neither of which occurred after the heading stage. The dynamics of major weed species were evaluated using plant density counts (2012) and relative cover and biomass (2013 and 2014). Grasses (sprangletop and watergrass species) dominated the DS-AWD system; sedges, broadleaves, and grasses dominated both WS systems. The WS-AWD system increased smallflower umbrella sedge relative cover at canopy closure, relative dry weight at harvest, and percent frequency when compared with the WS-Control system. Yields did not differ across treatments when weeds were controlled (P > 0.05); in the absence of herbicides, yields in the WS-AWD were equivalent to the WS-Control (ranging from 40 to 65% of the herbicide-treated yields) and zero in the DS-AWD due to weed pressure. Nomenclature: bearded sprangletop, Leptochloa fusca (L.) Kunth N. Snow; ducksalad, Heteranthera rotundifolia (Kunth) Griseb.; redstem, Ammannia coccinea Rottb.; ricefield bulrush, Schoenoplectus mucronatus (L.) Palla; smallflower umbrella sedge, Cyperus difformis L.; rice (Oryza sativa L.).

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…uninervia (J. Presl) N. Snow], emerged from rice flooded to depths of 5 cm in Valencia, Spain (Osca 2013). In Turkey, bearded sprangletop emerges at greater numbers and at a faster rate under flooded conditions than under dry conditions (Altop et al 2015).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Weed Community Dynamics and System Productivity in Alternative Irrigation Systems in California Rice

2016

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“…Bearded sprangletop has a dormancy period (Altop et al 2015). To overcome this dormancy, seeds were stored in a freezer at −20 C for 3 mo and then soaked in deionized water in the refrigerator at 4 C. Water was changed in seed tubes every day for 2 wk.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Survey of bearded sprangletop (Leptochloa fusca spp. fasicularis) response to clomazone in California rice

2020

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Bearded sprangletop is a problematic weed in California rice production and few herbicides provide effective control. As control of bearded sprangletop has declined, grower suspicion of resistance to clomazone has increased, because of the continuous rice cropping system and herbicide dependence in the region. The objectives of this research were to confirm clomazone resistance in bearded sprangletop populations and determine the level of resistance. Seed from 21 suspected clomazone-resistant populations was collected from the California rice growing region. A greenhouse experiment was conducted to determine population sensitivity to clomazone. Clomazone was applied into the water to emerging seedlings. Plant ht and control of bearded sprangletop were recorded weekly for 3 wk, plants were then harvested, and dry weight was measured. Of the populations tested, 17 were susceptible and four (5%) were resistant to clomazone. A dose-response assay was conducted using eight doses ranging from an eighth of the full rate to 12 times the full rate. The three most resistant populations had resistant-to susceptible ratios of 1.25×, 2×, and 5× the labeled rate of clomazone. The use of clomazone in California rice production is beneficial; however, it should be used at the appropriate timing and as part of an herbicide program to prevent further development of clomazone resistance.

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“…2009, 2010. Recently introduced to Turkey, where it adapted to rice fields and became an important weed in many regions of the country (Altop & al. 2015).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

First record of the alien Diplachne fascicularis (Poaceae) in Bulgaria

2016

Fl. Medit.

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online. Diplachne fascicularis (Poaceae), a taxon native to North and South America, is reported for the first time as an alien species for the flora of Bulgaria and of the Balkan Peninsula. It was recorded in rice fields in Central Bulgaria, in the Thracian Lowland floristic region. Brief morphological description is provided based on the material collected from the Bulgarian localities. This species grows in damp to wet places at the margins of rice fields and is already rather abundant. Distinguishing characters from the morphologically most similar native species (Cleistogenes serotina and C. bulgarica) have been highlighted. The invasiveness and spreading potential of the species have been discussed based on personal observations and data from the literature.

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Effect of the burial depth and environmental factors on the seasonal germination of bearded sprangletop (Leptochloa fusca [L.] Kunth ssp. fascicularis [Lam.] N. Snow)

Cited by 14 publications

References 21 publications

Weed Community Dynamics and System Productivity in Alternative Irrigation Systems in California Rice

Weed Community Dynamics and System Productivity in Alternative Irrigation Systems in California Rice

Survey of bearded sprangletop (Leptochloa fusca spp. fasicularis) response to clomazone in California rice

First record of the alien Diplachne fascicularis (Poaceae) in Bulgaria

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