Effect of the analyzed hair length on fatty acid ethyl ester (FAEE) concentrations in hair – Is there congruence of cut-offs for 0–3 and 0–6 cm hair segments?

Suesse, Silke; Blueml, Matthias; Pragst, F.

doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2014.11.020

Cited by 17 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging is increasingly being used for diagnosis and prognosis of cardiac amyloidosis. Late gadolinium enhancement imaging is highly sensitive and specific with images virtually diagnostic for amyloidosis 53 . The use of radionuclide imaging of the heart with Tc PYP or DPD has been found useful in distinguishing AL cardiac amyloidosis (no uptake) from TTR cardiac amyloidosis (2+ or greater uptake) 54 …”

Section: Prognosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunoglobulin light chain amyloidosis: 2020 update on diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment

Gertz

2020

American J Hematol

102

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Disease Overview Immunoglobulin light chain amyloidosis is a clonal, nonproliferative plasma cell disorder in which fragments of immunoglobulin light or heavy chain are deposited in tissues. Clinical features depend on organs involved but can include heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, nephrotic syndrome, hepatic dysfunction, peripheral/autonomic neuropathy, and “atypical smoldering multiple myeloma or monoclonal gammopathy undetermined significance (MGUS).” Diagnosis Tissue biopsy stained with Congo red demonstrating amyloid deposits with apple‐green birefringence is required for diagnosis. Invasive organ biopsy is not required in 85% of patients. Verification that amyloid is composed of immunoglobulin light chains is mandatory. The gold standard is laser capture mass spectroscopy. Prognosis N‐terminal pro‐brain natriuretic peptide (NT‐proBNP), serum troponin T, and difference between involved and uninvolved immunoglobulin free light chain (FLC) values are used to classify patients into four groups of similar size; median survivals are 94.1, 40.3, 14.0, and 5.8 months. Therapy All patients with a systemic amyloid syndrome require therapy to prevent deposition of amyloid in other organs and prevent progressive organ failure. Stem cell transplant (SCT) is preferred, but only 20% of patients are eligible. Requirements for safe SCT include systolic blood pressure >90 mmHg, troponin T < 0.06 ng/mL and serum creatinine ≤1.7 mg/dL. Nontransplant candidates can be offered cyclophosphamide‐bortezomib‐dexamethasone or daratumumab‐containing regimens as it appears to be highly active in AL amyloidosis. Future Challenges Delayed diagnosis remains a major obstacle to initiating effective therapy prior to the development of end‐stage organ failure.

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Section: Prognosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunoglobulin light chain amyloidosis: 2020 update on diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment

Gertz

2020

American J Hematol

102

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“…Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging is increasingly being used for diagnosis and prognosis of cardiac amyloidosis. Late gadolinium enhancement imaging is highly sensitive and specific with images virtually diagnostic for amyloidosis . The use of radionuclide imaging of the heart with Tc PYP or DPD has been found useful in distinguishing AL cardiac amyloidosis (no uptake) from TTR cardiac amyloidosis (2+ or greater uptake) .…”

Section: Prognosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunoglobulin light chain amyloidosis: 2016 update on diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment

Gertz

2016

American J Hematol

104

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All patients with a systemic amyloid syndrome require therapy to prevent deposition of amyloid in other organs and prevent progressive organ failure of involved sites. Stem cell transplant (SCT) is preferred, but only 20% of patients are eligible. Requirements for safe SCT include systolic blood pressure >90 mmHg, troponin T <0.06 ng mL21, age <70 years, and serum creatinine 1.7 mg dL21. Nontransplant candidates can be offered melphalan-dexamethasone or cyclophosphamide-bortezomib-dexamethasone. Other combinations of chemotherapy with agents such as cyclophosphamide-thalidomide (or lenalidomide)-dexamethasone, bortezomib-dexamethasone, and melphalan-prednisone-lenalidomide have documented activity. Antibodies designed to dissolve existing amyloid deposits are under study for previously treated and untreated patients. Late diagnosis remains a major obstacle to initiating effective therapy. Am. J. Hematol., 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Am. J. Hematol. 91:948-956, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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“…Assuming constant alcohol consumption over time, the percentage of hair samples with EtG content >7 pg/mg was constant regardless of sample length in a large library, suggesting there is no substantial washout of EtG from the hair strand over time. However, samples <3 cm in length show unusually high EtG levels, suggesting EtG incorporation from sweat following recent alcohol consumption [ 178 , 179 ]. While using a longer length of hair may offer a long-term assessment of alcohol consumption, different drinking patterns over time may confound results [ 179 ].…”

Section: Ethyl Glucuronide and Fatty Acid Ethyl Esters In Head Haimentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomolecules and Biomarkers Used in Diagnosis of Alcohol Drinking and in Monitoring Therapeutic Interventions

Nanau

Neuman

2015

Biomolecules

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Background: The quantitative, measurable detection of drinking is important for the successful treatment of alcohol misuse in transplantation of patients with alcohol disorders, people living with human immunodeficiency virus that need to adhere to medication, and special occupational hazard offenders, many of whom continually deny drinking. Their initial misconduct usually leads to medical problems associated with drinking, impulsive social behavior, and drunk driving. The accurate identification of alcohol consumption via biochemical tests contributes significantly to the monitoring of drinking behavior. Methods: A systematic review of the current methods used to measure biomarkers of alcohol consumption was conducted using PubMed and Google Scholar databases (2010–2015). The names of the tests have been identified. The methods and publications that correlate between the social instruments and the biochemical tests were further investigated. There is a clear need for assays standardization to ensure the use of these biochemical tests as routine biomarkers. Findings: Alcohol ingestion can be measured using a breath test. Because alcohol is rapidly eliminated from the circulation, the time for detection by this analysis is in the range of hours. Alcohol consumption can alternatively be detected by direct measurement of ethanol concentration in blood or urine. Several markers have been proposed to extend the interval and sensitivities of detection, including ethyl glucuronide and ethyl sulfate in urine, phosphatidylethanol in blood, and ethyl glucuronide and fatty acid ethyl esters in hair, among others. Moreover, there is a need to correlate the indirect biomarker carbohydrate deficient transferrin, which reflects longer lasting consumption of higher amounts of alcohol, with serum γ-glutamyl transpeptidase, another long term indirect biomarker that is routinely used and standardized in laboratory medicine.

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Effect of the analyzed hair length on fatty acid ethyl ester (FAEE) concentrations in hair – Is there congruence of cut-offs for 0–3 and 0–6 cm hair segments?

Cited by 17 publications

References 13 publications

Immunoglobulin light chain amyloidosis: 2020 update on diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment

Immunoglobulin light chain amyloidosis: 2020 update on diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment

Immunoglobulin light chain amyloidosis: 2016 update on diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment

Biomolecules and Biomarkers Used in Diagnosis of Alcohol Drinking and in Monitoring Therapeutic Interventions

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