Effect of the addition of hydroxyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane to TEOS-based stone consolidants

Zárraga, Ramón; Cervantes, Jorge; Salazar-Hernández, Carmen; Wheeler, George

doi:10.1016/j.culher.2009.07.002

Cited by 85 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…These cracks are ascribed to shrinkage phenomena taking place throughout the drying phase [41][42][43]. In the sol-gel process, shrinking is initiated by evaporation of both solvents and by-products of the condensation step [44]. Then, cracking is generated by the high capillary pressures supported by the gel network during the drying [40].…”

Section: Morphological Characteristics and Elemental Microanalysis Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performances and Coating Morphology of a Siloxane-Based Hydrophobic Product Applied in Different Concentrations on a Highly Porous Stone

Lettieri

Masieri

2016

Coatings

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Many polymers, able to confer a hydrophobicity to treated surfaces, have been proposed for the restoration and conservation of civil and monumental buildings. Polysiloxanes, and their precursors, the silanes, have been frequently employed for stone protection. To avoid decay of the treated surfaces, the effectiveness and harmlessness of the treatment need to be carefully evaluated before application in the field. In this study, a commercial alkyl-siloxane was tested as a protective treatment on a highly porous stone, starting from water solutions with different contents of the product. The treatments have been devised to try to balance the requirements and the sustainability of the conservative actions. Sustainability, in terms of costs and environmental impact, is regarded as a key factor in the 21st century. Morphological observations of the stone surface, static contact angle and colour measurements, water vapour transmission test, and tests of water absorption were carried out to characterize the untreated and treated stones. A concentration below the minimum level suggested by the manufacturer was still able to act as a good barrier against water. More concentrated solutions produced polymer accumulation and coatings with extended cracks. The properties of the treated stone were affected by the presence of cracks in the coating.

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Section: Morphological Characteristics and Elemental Microanalysis Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performances and Coating Morphology of a Siloxane-Based Hydrophobic Product Applied in Different Concentrations on a Highly Porous Stone

Lettieri

Masieri

2016

Coatings

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“…In this case, the autocorrelation function only contains information on the tracer motion. For example, when the probes particles are immersed in a Newtonian fluid, the autocorrelation function of the intensity minus one decays exponentially and its decay time is proportional to the medium viscosity; see (2) and (4). In our case, we use this relation to follow the time evolution of the viscosity of our polymeric material by measuring the autocorrelation function of the intensity scattered by the ZnO particles immersed in the dispersion of interest, as a function of reaction time, and data are shown in Figure 4(a).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this direction, an enormous effort has been done to design materials that, without changing the visual appearance of the stone, provide it with consolidant properties and protection against environmental hazards such as erosion, humidity, and microbial attack [1]. In this regard, organically modified silicates (ORMOSILs) seem to fulfill most of these requirements, except antimicrobial activity, and they have been successfully used for stone preservation [2,3]. As with all alkoxysilane-based products, these materials undergo a sol-gel transition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gel Point Determination of TEOS-Based Polymeric Materials with Application on Conservation of Cultural Heritage Buildings

Angulo-Olais

Illescas

Aguilar-Pliego

et al. 2018

Advances in Condensed Matter Physics

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Here we present measurements on the gel time of inorganic-organic materials used for stone preservation by means of rheology and dynamic light scattering. Our hybrid material is composed of tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) using a nonionic surfactant (n-octylamine) as a template. Moreover, zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles are dispersed in the medium with the aim of obtaining a nanocomposite with potential biocide properties. In our case, we use the ZnO particles as tracers to infer from their scattered intensity mechanical information of the suspending medium. We have found that dynamic light scattering experiments provide similar information on the gelling time, about 30 hours, to that obtained from rotational rheology and oscillatory rheology. This result confirms the validity of light scattering, which is a noninvasive technique, to characterize mechanical properties of time evolving hybrid materials through nonperturbative and well-controlled experiments.

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“…Tetraethoxysilane (TEOS), which polymerises via hydrolysis to yield siloxane, a silicabased polymer, [3,10] is a consolidant frequently used to restore various stone materials [5,11]. Hybrid or modified TEOS-based consolidants have been developed to enhance its properties as primers for the effective protection of steel against corrosion [12] or improve its lack of elasticity which favours the formation of fractures and fissures during the drying stage [13], etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interaction of TEOS with cementitious materials: Chemical and physical effects

Barberena-Fernández

Carmona-Quiroga

Blanco-Varela

2015

Cement and Concrete Composites

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This study explored the effectiveness of tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) as a Portland cement mortar consolidant to verify whether it meets the requirements for use in cultural assets. TEOS was found to raise cement mortar strength, lower its porosity and permeability and occasion minimal alteration in its appearance, an indication of its suitability to conserve heritage mortar works.FTIR and 29 Si MAS NMR studies supported the notion that TEOS interacts with the hydrated phases of the cement, portlandite and C-S-H gel. The reaction product between portlandite and TEOS was C-S-H gel and between TEOS and C-S-H gel was a gel with longer chain.

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Effect of the addition of hydroxyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane to TEOS-based stone consolidants

Cited by 85 publications

References 20 publications

Performances and Coating Morphology of a Siloxane-Based Hydrophobic Product Applied in Different Concentrations on a Highly Porous Stone

Performances and Coating Morphology of a Siloxane-Based Hydrophobic Product Applied in Different Concentrations on a Highly Porous Stone

Gel Point Determination of TEOS-Based Polymeric Materials with Application on Conservation of Cultural Heritage Buildings

Interaction of TEOS with cementitious materials: Chemical and physical effects

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