Effect of the addition of carbon black and carbon nanotube to FeS2 cathode on the electrochemical performance of thermal battery

Choi, Yusong; Cho, Sungbaek; Lee, Young-Seak

doi:10.1016/j.jiec.2013.12.052

Cited by 46 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…However, the performance improvement is limited due to the low thermal stability and low open circuit voltage compared to other materials, and studies have been conducted to supplement these findings. [10][11][12][13][14][15] Lee et al studied the use of carbon black and carbon nanotubes on an FeS 2 cathode in Li-Si/ FeS 2 thermal batteries. 10) Discharge measurements and the calculated total polarization confirmed that the performance of the single cell improved when a carbonaceous material was added ( Fig.…”

Section: Fesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most commonly used cathode material to date is FeS 2 . In addition to studies on optimizing electrode fabrication using FeS 2 , [10][11][12][13][14][15] studies have been conducted on the use of materials such as CoS 2 , [16][17][18][19][20][21] NiS 2 , [22][23][24] NiCl 2 , [25][26][27][28] CuVO, [29][30] and others. [31][32][33] Masset et al cited the following key properties to be considered as cathode materials for thermal batteries: 4) • Redox potential: it should have a discharge potential that is compatible with the electrochemical window of the electrolyte in order to prevent oxidation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Recent Progress in Cathode Materials for Thermal Batteries

Kang

Cheong

et al. 2019

J. Korean Ceram. Soc

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Thermal batteries are reserve batteries with molten salts as an electrolyte, which activates at high temperature. Due to their excellent reliability, long shelf life, and mechanical robustness, thermal batteries are used in military applications. A high-performance cathode for thermal batteries should be considered in terms of its high capacity, high voltage, and high thermal stability. Research progress on cathode materials from the recent decade is reviewed in this article. The major directions of research were surface modification, compounding of existing materials, fabrication of thin film cathode, and development of new materials. In order to develop a high-performance cathode, a proper combination of these research directions is required while considering mass production and cost.

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Section: Fesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Progress in Cathode Materials for Thermal Batteries

Kang

Cheong

et al. 2019

J. Korean Ceram. Soc

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“…Over the years, researchers have studied different cathode materials [7][8][9][10][11], including FeS2 and CoS2 materials for various applications. They have been extensively studied and became the primary cathode materials in the thermal battery technology (Li-alloy/FeS2 and Li-alloy/CoS2 cells) [12][13][14][15][16][17][18]. FeS2 easily decomposes at high temperature in air and usually starts to break down at 540°C, which will affect the discharge performances of the thermal batteries [14,19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variable-temperature preparation and performance of NiCl2 as a cathode material for thermal batteries

Liu

et al. 2017

Sci. China Mater.

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Nickel(II) chloride materials were synthesized via a novel two-step variable-temperature method for the use as a cathode material in Li-B/NiCl2 cells with the LiCl-LiBrLiF electrolyte. The influence of temperature on its structure, surface morphology, and electrochemical performance was investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and electrochemical measurements of single cells. XRD results showed that after pre-dehydration for 2 h at 270°C followed by sintering for 5 h at 600°C, the crystal water in nickel chloride hexahydrate could be removed effectively. The SEM results showed that particles recombined to form larger coarse particles and presented a layered structure. Discharge tests showed that the 600°C-treated materials demonstrated remarkable specific c apacities of 210.42 and 242.84 mA h g −1 at constant currents of 0.5 and 2.0 A, respectively. Therefore, the Li-B/NiCl2 thermal battery showed excellent discharge performance. The present work demonstrates that NiCl2 is a promising cathode material for thermal batteries and this two-step variable-temperature method is a simple and useful method for the fabrication of NiCl2 materials.

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“…The influence of calcination temperature and composition of the immobilizing agent on the physicochemical properties and absorption of the electrolyte as well as ionic conductivity of the mixture of electrolyte-immobilizing agent were determined. Magnesium oxide is a typical and often used immobilizing agent besides SiO 2 , Y 2 O 3 , ZrO 2 , TiO 2 , AlN, BN, Al 2 O 3 (or other inert, nonreactive inorganic ceramic powders) [8][9][10][11][12] and MgF 2 is added to improve the immobilizing effect of MgO and its mechanical and electric properties. A series of MgO-MgF 2 samples of different magnesium fluoride content (0, 10, and 20 mol%) were synthesized by sol-gel method from magnesium methoxide and aqueous solution of hydrofluoric acid:…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MgO-MgF2 system obtained by sol–gel method as an immobilizing agent of the electrolyte applied in the high temperature cells

Zieliński

Czajka

Pietrowski

et al. 2017

J Sol-Gel Sci Technol

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A MgF 2 -MgO system was tested as an immobilizing agent for the electrolyte KCl-LiCl-RbCl in high temperature cells. Samples of MgF 2 -MgO with different contents of MgF 2 (0-20 mol%) were prepared by one-step sol-gel method in the reaction of magnesium methoxide dissolved in methanol with aqueous solution of hydrofluoric acid. The immobilizing agents were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction, low-temperature nitrogen adsorption and thermogravimetric measurements. Dimensional stability, mechanical strength and unfilled spaces were characterized using pellets containing 40 wt% of immobilizing agents. Finally, the pellets were used in an electric cell at 400°C and the changes in current and voltage were recorded in time. The introduction of MgF 2 to MgO in the synthesis by the sol-gel method significantly improves the textural and mechanical properties of immobilizing agent and ensures longer and more stable work of high temperature cell. Graphical abstractKeywords Sol-gel method

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Effect of the addition of carbon black and carbon nanotube to FeS2 cathode on the electrochemical performance of thermal battery

Cited by 46 publications

References 18 publications

Recent Progress in Cathode Materials for Thermal Batteries

Recent Progress in Cathode Materials for Thermal Batteries

Variable-temperature preparation and performance of NiCl2 as a cathode material for thermal batteries

MgO-MgF2 system obtained by sol–gel method as an immobilizing agent of the electrolyte applied in the high temperature cells

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