Effect of tempering temperature on the wear behaviour of martensitic ductile iron

Jiaojiao, Bai; Xu, Haifeng; Chen, X.P.; Cao, Wenquan; Zhang, Xiaodan; Xu, Yan

doi:10.1080/02670836.2022.2139008

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…The selection of parameters is examined in the previous article on optimal heat treatment processes. [20][21][22] Special care was taken in these heat treatments to avoid internal cracking. Then, an examination of the rolling contact fatigue of six specimens was carried out under P 0 of 3.0, 4.5, and 6.0 GPa for the 1# sample, and under P 0 of 4.5 and 3.0 GPa for the 2# and 3# samples in a thrust rolling test machine of JP-52.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Then, the samples were cyclically heat treated by oil quenching after three rounds of austenization at 860°C within 30 min, which provides a hardness of 60 HRC for all three materials. The selection of parameters is examined in the previous article on optimal heat treatment processes 20–22 . Special care was taken in these heat treatments to avoid internal cracking.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microstructure and rolling contact fatigue behavior of martensitic nodular cast irons with different graphite sizes and densities

Jiaojiao

Cao

et al. 2023

Fatigue Fract Eng Mat Struct

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Martensitic nodular cast irons (MNCIs) with different graphite sizes and number densities are produced through continuous casting and cyclic heat treatments to refine their microstructures and to obtain a hardness of 60 HRC, and their rolling contact fatigue (RCF) properties, fractography, and subsurface microstructures have been investigated in the present study. RCF tests show that the RCF life is mainly determined by the applied Hertzian stress. Based on the calculation of characteristic parameter size and the analysis of stress concentration factor, it is found that the lower nodularity rate of graphite brings about the larger stress concentration at matrix‐graphite interfaces. This stress concentration induces a debonding of the matrix and graphite, cracks, deformation, and carbon redistribution in a local volume, which results in the formation of a white etching area. The present study indicates that MNCIs are a potential material for lubricant‐free bearings after chemical homogenization, microstructure refinement, and hardness enhancement.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructure and rolling contact fatigue behavior of martensitic nodular cast irons with different graphite sizes and densities

Jiaojiao

Cao

et al. 2023

Fatigue Fract Eng Mat Struct

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“…Of course, it should be noted that the morphology of graphites (geometrical shape, size, distribution, and degree of sphericity of graphites) has a great influence on the mechanical behavior of cast iron, which is influenced by the type and amount of alloying elements, cooling speed, and solidification process, as well as heat treatment [5][6][7]. Studies show that the physical and mechanical properties of ductile irons depend on their microstructure, especially the type, distribution, and dispersion of spherical graphites [8][9][10][11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical properties prediction of ductile iron with spherical graphite using multi-scale finite element model

Alizadeh,

Ajri,

Maleki

2023

Phys. Scr.

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In this paper, using the multi-scale finite element method, the effect of graphite particles on the mechanical behavior of ductile iron has been investigated under tensile loading. For this purpose, taking into account the spherical geometric shape of the graphite phase and considering a specific volume fraction, these spheres are randomly placed in the whole body and a two-component composite material is created. Next, by defining the mechanical properties of two separate phases including the matrix and graphites as well as the interfaces between these two phases, a micromechanical model is developed for these materials. The mechanical properties of the matrix are simulated using the Ramberg-Osgood elastic-plastic model. By simulation in ABAQUS software and using nonlinear dynamic analysis, the effects of volume percentages and adhesion of graphite particles with matrix on the direct tensile load-displacement behavior of ductile iron were investigated. The results of experimental tests were used to verify the results of the numerical model. The weight percentage of graphite particles has a significant effect on the tensile strength and elastic modulus of these cast irons. The results show that with the increase in the amount of graphite particles, the tensile strength of cast iron increases up to a certain value and then reverses. With 21% graphite particles, the maximum tensile strength of ductile iron is 601 MPa. Compared with a pure sample of cast iron, the tensile strength increases by approximately 13.4% for this weight percentage of graphite particles.

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“…Austempered ductile iron (ADI) has attracted extensive attention because of its good mechanical properties, superior wear resistance, and low cost [1][2][3]. Currently, ADI has been applied as transmission components in automotive, agricultural, and military machinery [4,5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Austempered ductile iron (ADI) has attracted extensive attention because of its good mechanical properties, superior wear resistance, and low cost [1–3]. Currently, ADI has been applied as transmission components in automotive, agricultural, and military machinery [4,5]. A key performance metric of ADI is hardness, which directly affects the capacity to withstand plastic deformation and generate graphite film while in use.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tribological behaviour and wear mechanism of ADI with different hardness values

Wang

Liu

et al. 2023

Materials Science and Technology

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The tribological behaviour and wear mechanism of austempered ductile iron (ADI) with different hardness values were investigated. Results showed that the wear resistance of ADI was sensitive to hardness and service conditions. Under mild wear conditions, the low-hardness ADI sample exhibited high wear resistance because graphite was easy to transfer to the tribosurface and acted as a lubricant to reduce the friction coefficient. However, the high-hardness ADI sample was hard to deform plastically, which restricted the transfer of graphite from the matrix to the tribosurface. Under severe wear conditions, the plastic deformation of the low-hardness ADI sample gave rise to abrasive wear, which resulted in poor wear resistance. With the deterioration of wear conditions, the wear mechanism of ADI was transformed from micro-cutting wear to oxidative wear.

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Effect of tempering temperature on the wear behaviour of martensitic ductile iron

Cited by 5 publications

References 34 publications

Microstructure and rolling contact fatigue behavior of martensitic nodular cast irons with different graphite sizes and densities

Microstructure and rolling contact fatigue behavior of martensitic nodular cast irons with different graphite sizes and densities

Mechanical properties prediction of ductile iron with spherical graphite using multi-scale finite element model

Tribological behaviour and wear mechanism of ADI with different hardness values

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