Effect of tempering process on the cryogenic impact toughness of 13Cr4NiMo martensitic stainless steel

Peng, Jielong; Zhou, Biao; Li, Zongqiang; Huo, Dingpeng; Xiong, Jie; Zhang, Shenghua

doi:10.1016/j.jmrt.2023.02.182

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 27 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…These experimental findings are consistent with the work of Peng, J. [ 51 ]. It is noteworthy that when inclusions are larger in size, the fracture behavior demonstrates a ductile fracture.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

Impact of Cryogenic Treatment Process on the Performance of 51CrV4 Steel

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The working load on automotive components is continuously rising, and the mechanical performance requirements for component materials are rising along with the growth trend toward light weight and high dependability in automobiles. In this study, the response characteristics of 51CrV4 spring steel were taken to be its hardness, wear resistance, tensile strength, and impact toughness. Prior to tempering, cryogenic treatment was introduced. Through the Taguchi method and gray relational analysis, the ideal process parameters were discovered. The ideal process variables were the following: a cooling rate of 1 °C/min, a cryogenic temperature of −196 °C, a holding time of 24 h, and a cycle number of three. An analysis of variance revealed that the holding time had the greatest effect on the material properties, with an effect of 49.01%. The yield limit of 51CrV4 was increased by 14.95% and the tensile strength was increased by 15.39% with this group of processes, and the wear mass loss was reduced by 43.32%. The mechanical qualities had a thorough upgrade. Microscopic analysis revealed that cryogenic treatment resulted in refinement of the martensite structure and significant differences in orientation. Additionally, bainite precipitation occurred, exhibiting a fine needle-like distribution, which positively influenced impact toughness. Analysis of the impact fracture surface showed that cryogenic treatment led to an increase in dimple diameter and depth. Further analysis of the elements revealed that calcium (Ca) weakened the negative effect of sulfur (S) on 51CrV4 spring steel. The overall improvement in material properties provides guidance for practical production applications.

show abstract

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

Impact of Cryogenic Treatment Process on the Performance of 51CrV4 Steel

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This is consistent with the nonlinear impact toughness of 13Cr4NiMo martensitic stainless steel with increasing tempering temperature as reported by Peng. [ 49 ] However, the impact toughness of HCSN was apparently higher than HCS no matter what tempering temperature. The impact toughness of HCSN increased by 15.9%, 44%, 67.3%, and 64.1% compared with that of HCS without nano‐TiC under different tempering temperatures.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Nano‐TiC Ceramic Particles on Microstructures and Properties of High‐Cr Steel under Different Heat‐Treatment Conditions

Chang

Shu

et al. 2023

Adv Eng Mater

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In order to improve the service life of die steels, many methods have been used to improve their properties. However, some properties may be weakened after different heat treatments. In this study, a novel method of nanoparticle treatment was used to improve the service performance of high Cr steel, and the effect of nano‐TiC ceramic particles on its microstructures and properties under different heat treatment conditions was investigated. After forging and isothermal spheroidization, the nano‐TiC ceramic particles treatment high Cr steel has a mixed grain with equiaxed grain and striated grain. Under different heat treatment conditions, the nano‐TiC reinforced high Cr steel has refined martensite laths, carbides, and a higher content of retained austenite. In contrast, the nano‐TiC ceramic particles reinforced high Cr steel have higher strength and strain, the yield strength (σ0.2), tensile strength (σb), fracture strain, product of strength and strain, and impact toughness of HCS‐51 (HCSN‐51), are 1349 MPa (1531 MPa), 1662 MPa (1770 MPa), 9.4% (12.1%), 12405 MPa·% (18766 MPa·%) and 266 J/cm2 (445 J/cm2), which is 13.5%, 6.5%, 28.7%, 51.3% and 67.3% higher, respectively. The primary strengthening mechanisms included fine‐grain strengthening and precipitation strengthening. The main toughness mechanism was fine‐grain and transformation‐induced plasticity.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

show abstract

“…Figure 10 shows the TEM morphologies of the precipitated carbide formed in 00Cr13Ni4Mo steel at different tempering temperatures. The carbides dispersed in the martensite matrix are produced in the intercritical tempering process of the steel, which is M 23 C 6 in type [9,16,24]. As shown in Figure 10a,b, the M 23 C 6 carbides produced by tempering at 600 • C and 610 • C are fine in size and dispersed on the martensite matrix.…”

Section: Evolution Of Reversed Austenite and The Effect Of Carbide Pr...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Simulation of Reversed Austenite Evolution during Intercritical Tempering of Low-Carbon Martensitic Stainless Steel

Huo,

Peng,

Chen

et al. 2024

Materials

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Since the formation of reversed austenite during critical tempering treatment is an important factor affecting the mechanical properties of 13Cr4Ni martensitic stainless steel, a detailed study of the content and morphology of reversed austenite in heat treatment is needed. In this study, the variation curves of a reversed austenite volume fraction with holding time at different tempering temperatures were measured by in situ X-ray diffraction (XRD), and the reversed austenite and carbides of each process were evaluated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The austenite content shows a parabolic change with the increase in the tempering temperature; the maximum can reach a peak of about 6.8% at 610 °C, and drops to 0% at 660 °C. It also shows a parabolic change with the extension of the holding time, reaching a maximum of about 9.2% at 5 h of holding time, and a decreasing trend at 10 h of holding time, about 6.8%. The results show that the precipitation of carbides in the microstructure causes elemental segregation at grain boundaries and inside, which is one of the main factors affecting the thermal stability of reversed austenite formation. The kinetic process of reversed austenite during the tempering process was simulated using the JMAK model and the KM model, which can describe the trend of reversed austenite content during the tempering process. Combining the two models, a mathematical model for the room-temperature reversed austenite content under different processes was obtained, and this can predict the room-temperature austenite content.

show abstract

Effect of tempering process on the cryogenic impact toughness of 13Cr4NiMo martensitic stainless steel

Cited by 9 publications

References 27 publications

Impact of Cryogenic Treatment Process on the Performance of 51CrV4 Steel

Impact of Cryogenic Treatment Process on the Performance of 51CrV4 Steel

Effect of Nano‐TiC Ceramic Particles on Microstructures and Properties of High‐Cr Steel under Different Heat‐Treatment Conditions

Numerical Simulation of Reversed Austenite Evolution during Intercritical Tempering of Low-Carbon Martensitic Stainless Steel

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About