Effect of Temperature on the Dental Implant Osseointegration Development in Low-Density Bone

Abstract

An osteotomic site overheating up to 60°C for 1 minute in low-density bone, before implant insertion, did not lead to implant failure, but it induced significant crestal bone loss during healing and lower %BIC.

Temperature Threshold Values of Bone Necrosis for Thermo-Explantation of Dental Implants—A Systematic Review on Preclinical In Vivo Research

“…Higher temperature values [17,18] of 60 • C for 1 min led to reduced BIC values around heated implants (mean 25.42% SD 1.49 in cancellous bone, mean 27.23% SD 12.44 in cortical bone) versus untreated implants (mean 38.05% SD 1.38 in cancellous bone, mean 31.94% SD 18.10 in cortical bone). However, only the implants inserted in the cancellous bone [17] presented significant differences.…”

“…Higher temperature values [17,18] of 60 • C for 1 min led to reduced BIC values around heated implants (mean 25.42% SD 1.49 in cancellous bone, mean 27.23% SD 12.44 in cortical bone) versus untreated implants (mean 38.05% SD 1.38 in cancellous bone, mean 31.94% SD 18.10 in cortical bone). However, only the implants inserted in the cancellous bone [17] presented significant differences. Similarly, at a lower temperature of 50 • C for 1 min, the cancellous bone led to a significantly lower BIC value, whereas around implants that were inserted in more cortical bone [18] no deviating BIC values were evaluated.…”

“…Higher temperature values [17,18] not only led to loss of bone contact, but also the infrabony pockets next to the treated implant increased. Pocket values ranged around heated implants (60 • C for 1 min) at a mean 3.11 SD 0.33 in cancellous bone, mean 1.07 SD 0.44 in cortical bone and around untreated implants at a mean 1.21 SD 0.16 in cancellous bone, mean 0.56 SD 0.49 in cortical bone.…”

“…Heat may be caused by surgical procedures with insufficient cooling, such as implant drilling and bone cutting, or electrical, water, and laser devices [15,16]. Authors treated the cancellous and cortical bone with several devices, such as heated fluids, electric thermal probes, laser devices, and heated implants in order to gain knowledge of bone behavior and remodeling on thermal irritations [1,[17][18][19]. Heat generation during bone drilling, especially in implantology, is a well-investigated field [20].…”

Comparative Study of Conventional Drill Bits and a New Model for Low-rotation in the Surgical Bed Preparation in Bone Blocks for Installation of Dental Implants

“…Several studies have shown that atraumatic surgical techniques that prevent the implant site overheating and primary stability are the two main factors involved in the success of osseointegration. 17 Bone perforation is a highly contested topic due to the heat production caused by this procedure. Several factors interfere with bone drilling and it is essential to develop new technologies in order to control them.…”