Effect of temperature on the extraction kinetics and diffusivity of Cyclosporin A in the fungus Tolypocladium inflatum

Abstract

The influence of temperature on the extraction kinetics of Cyclosporin A (CyA) from the mycelia of Tolypocladium inflatum was examined in this study. The extraction of CyA from mycelia was performed in a 2-L stirred, baffled vessel using 30% v/v aqueous methanol. The temperature range used was from 5 to 45 degrees C. A linear relationship was found between the extraction yield of CyA and temperature. As the temperature increased, the yield of CyA increased with a maximum CyA yield of 18.3% obtained at 45 degrees C, which is 21.3% higher than the yield at 25 degrees C. The activation energy for the extraction of CyA from T. inflatum was found to be 36.7 kJ/mol, which indicates that the extraction of CyA from T. inflatum is controlled by both solubilization of CyA and diffusion of CyA through the solid phase of mycelia. The overall mass transfer coefficient, k(L)a(S), was found to increase from 1.02 x 10(-3) to 1.34 x 10(-2) s(-1) as the temperature increased from 5 to 45 degrees C. The effective diffusivity of CyA in the solid matrix of mycelia was found to increase from 1.05 x 10(-15) to 1.43 x 10(-14) m(2)/s as the temperature increased from 5 to 45 degrees C. A mathematical diffusion model was developed and was used to fit the experimental kinetic data of CyA extraction and determination of CyA effective diffusivities at different temperatures. This is the first time CyA diffusivities as a function of extraction temperature are reported in the literature.

Solubility properties and diffusional extraction behavior of natamycin from streptomyces gilvosporeus biomass

“…The diffusion and extraction processes of natamycin from the hypha of S. gilvosporeus into the solvent can be described well by the diffusion theory and mass extraction equilibrium theory. However, the overall mass transfer coefficient is only applicable to specific batch of extraction, and would have to be determined for different batches based on biomass type, batch size, solvent volume, and solvent type used in the extraction processes 17, 32…”

“… Proposed schematic diagram of the mass transfer trajectory of natamycin from the vacuole of S. gilvosporeus to the solvent liquid phase 16, 17…”

Progress in field‐assisted extraction and its application to solid sample analysis

“…In 2008, Chen reviewed the panorama of sample preparation methods and highlighted some of the most promising methods. After that, a series of review articles were reported focusing on different specific sample preparation methods such as SPME , MAE , supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) , etc. along with miniaturization and online coupling sample preparation methods .…”