Effect of temperature on the pulse‐echo performance of ultrasonic transducers fabricated with PVDF film

Kelley, Thomas R. P.

doi:10.1049/iet-smt.2018.5453

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The relatively low R-square values suggest that there may not be a significant change in sensitivity within this temperature range. Additionally, the temperature dependence of sensitivity for the 5 mm piston hydrophone was found to be approximately −0.20% per • C (calculated using the fit slope, R2: 0.92) which is consistent with the observations reported in Kelley [8] regarding a reduction in normalised pulseecho amplitude when the PVDF sensor is exposed to elevated temperatures.…”

Section: Lgus Measurementssupporting

confidence: 88%

“…Recently, the effect of temperature from 50 • C to 130 • C on the performance of poly-vinylidene fluoride (PVDF) film transducers was investigated [8,9]. The transducers were fabricated from uniaxially stretched and poled PVDF films of various thicknesses, laminated between two steel discs functioning as electrodes and connected to 50 Ω coaxial cables with a PTFE coated wire.…”

Section: Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterisation of hydrophone sensitivity with temperature using a broadband laser-generated ultrasound source

et al. 2023

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In this work, we present a novel method for characterising the relative variation in hydrophone sensitivity with temperature, addressing a key aspect of measurements in the field of ultrasound metrology. Our study focused on a selection of miniature ultrasonic hydrophones commonly used in medical applications. The method is based on using water as a temperature-sensitive laser-generated ultrasound (LGUS) source for calibration, allowing for flexible characterisation across a wide temperature range. The measurements were performed using both the LGUS method and the established self-reciprocity method. Our results demonstrate good agreement within 5 % between the two methods, validating the effectiveness of the LGUS approach. We found that the sensitivity of the tested hydrophones exhibited low temperature dependence less than -0.20 % per °C within the studied temperature range from 17 °C up to 50 °C. The presented LGUS method offer greater flexibility than current approaches as it allows for characterisation of membrane hydrophones with small element sizes and non-electrical transducers. By combining the relative sensitivity variation obtained through the LGUS method with the standard calibration at room temperature, absolute values of hydrophone sensitivity can be determined. The expanded uncertainty of our measurements, which was evaluated at temperature intervals of 8 °C, was determined to be on average 10%. Our work provides valuable insights into the temperature dependence of hydrophone sensitivity and lays the foundation for further investigations in this area. The LGUS method holds promise for future enhancements, such as increased bandwidth of the LGUS source and frequency domain analysis, to explore the frequency dependency of sensitivity variation with temperature.

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Section: Lgus Measurementssupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterisation of hydrophone sensitivity with temperature using a broadband laser-generated ultrasound source

et al. 2023

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“…When generating electrical energy from mechanical vibrations using piezoelectric material, in order to maximize the efficiency of the generator, it is important to take into account a number of piezoelectric parameters: the dielectric constant ε/ε0, the piezoelectric coefficient of charge d, and the electro-mechanical coefficient k [21,22]. The piezoelectric coefficient of the charge is defined as the electric charge generated per unit area divided by the force applied to the material.…”

Section: Longitudinal Piezoelectric Coefficientmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The fabrication process for piezoelectric materials can also impact the response, and the polarization of the films is one of the most crucial steps in manufacturing. There are no reliable ways to evaluate the quality of the polarization of such films in a laboratory setting [20,21]; however, one can use the estimation of the coefficient of material, measured after the poling process, to evaluate the quality of the polarization. Hence, this study proposes a measurement methodology for the coefficient suitable for the evaluation of any polarization.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Ultrasound Piezoelectric Transducer-Based Measurement of the Piezoelectric Coefficient and Comparison with Existing Methods

Ravikumar

Markevičius

2023

Processes

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Energy harvesting using the piezoelectric material in the development of compact vibration energy harvesters can be used as a backup power source for wireless sensors or to fully replace the use of fossil-resource-wasting batteries and accumulators to power a device or sensor. Generally, the coefficient is used as the metric for evaluating the property in materials. Recent research reports that accurate measurement and calculation of the coefficient in materials, especially in polymers, can be challenging for various reasons. From the reviewed references, different methods, including the quasi-static, dynamic, interferometric, and acoustic methods, are discussed and compared based on the direct and indirect effect, accuracy, repeatability, frequency range, and so on. A development of an ultrasound piezoelectric transducer is conducted to estimate d33 coefficient with a reference value. The purpose of the method was mainly to measure the values of piezoelectric material in order to measure the efficiency of the poling process in piezoelectric materials. The test setup described in this study allowed for the effective measurement of the d33 factor of piezoelectric materials using a 1.4 MHz PZT ultrasonic piezoelectric transducer. The arrangement of the components, including the use of organic glass, copper, and aluminum electrodes, ensured accurate and reliable measurements. This setup can be valuable for various applications requiring the characterization of piezoelectric materials and for understanding their behavior under specific conditions. The advantages and challenges in this method are discussed and compared with existing works.

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The calibration methods of hydrophones for underwater environmental sound measurements or biomedical ultrasound measurements: A review

Qin,

Lu,

et al. 2025

Measurement

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Effect of temperature on the pulse‐echo performance of ultrasonic transducers fabricated with PVDF film

Cited by 4 publications

References 10 publications

Characterisation of hydrophone sensitivity with temperature using a broadband laser-generated ultrasound source

Characterisation of hydrophone sensitivity with temperature using a broadband laser-generated ultrasound source

Development of Ultrasound Piezoelectric Transducer-Based Measurement of the Piezoelectric Coefficient and Comparison with Existing Methods

The calibration methods of hydrophones for underwater environmental sound measurements or biomedical ultrasound measurements: A review

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